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The Effects of Seawall Habitat Complexity on Fish Assemblages and Trophic Interactions.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Effects of Seawall Habitat Complexity on Fish Assemblages and Trophic Interactions./
作者:	Taira, Daisuke.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (229 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-04B.
標題:	Aquaculture. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29352955click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798352686652

The Effects of Seawall Habitat Complexity on Fish Assemblages and Trophic Interactions.
Taira, Daisuke.

The Effects of Seawall Habitat Complexity on Fish Assemblages and Trophic Interactions. - 1 online resource (229 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--National University of Singapore (Singapore), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Coastal urbanisation and rising sea levels have resulted in extensively modified nearshore environments worldwide. Artificial coastal structures such as seawalls and revetments are widespread but often structurally simplified and tend to provide fewer habitat niches compared to the natural habitats they replaced. There is increasing interest in understanding ecological impacts of these structures and how ecologically engineering can be used to enhance their capacity to support marine life. Fishes are highly important for ecosystem service provision and ecological functioning in coastal ecosystems but sensitive to biotic and physical changes in habitat structure. To date, most seawall research has focused on intertidal flora and fauna while associated fish diversity has been largely overlooked, especially in the tropics. In this thesis, I investigated the effect of habitat complexity on fish assemblages and explored whether ecological engineering can enhance fish diversity in the highly urbanised tropical city-state of Singapore. First, my field survey showed seawalls supported high fish diversity but significantly different species compositions from those found in adjacent coral reefs, largely due to contrasting benthic compositions between coralrich reefs and algae-covered seawalls. The role of benthic food resources in structuring seawall fish assemblage patterns was then explored, focussing specifically on the epilithic algal matrix (EAM) that dominates seawall substrates. My results showed that seawall fish assemblages are dominated by EAM-feeding fishes and their feeding activity was greater on seawall EAM than the adjoining reef flats. However, my manipulative experiment found a negative effect of excessive sediment accumulation on EAM on feeding rate and seawall utilisation, demonstrating for the first time the antagonistic effects of two co-occurring urbanisation stressors: coastal infrastructure and sedimentation. Stable isotope analysis revealed that diverse EAMfeeding fishes co-existed on seawalls through trophic niche partitioning while those with substantial niche overlaps co-occurred on seawalls by occupying small, segregated territories and flexible resource use. I also tested whether enhanced benthic resources can increase fish diversity by examining the effects of retrofitted habitat enhancement tiles. My analyses showed trophic-mediated positive effect of ecological engineering on seawall fishes as increased biotic benthic cover (mostly EAM) on the enhancement tiles provided additional feeding areas. Physical habitat structure is also a key factor driving fish assemblage patterns. As fish of different sizes perceive and utilise habitat features differently, providing microhabitats of varying sizes (i.e. structural complexity) is crucial in increasing niches for fishes. However, the diversity-complexity relationship remains elusive and is often confounded by the effects of surface area/volume. I created three types of habitat enhancement units made of concrete blocks and tested complexity effects independent of volume as well as the effect of additional microhabitat features on fish assemblages. The volume-independent complexity modestly influenced fish assemblages while additional microhabitat features had significant effects, but these depended on spatial scales, diel cycles and varied between taxonomic and functional compositions. Altogether, my results highlight the importance of benthic food resources (i.e. EAM) and physical habitat structure in shaping seawall fish assemblages, and that ecological engineering interventions are viable options to enhance fish diversity. The knowledge obtained from these findings contribute to conservation planning and the design of more ecologically sensitive urban waterfront development.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798352686652Subjects--Topical Terms:

545878
Aquaculture.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

The Effects of Seawall Habitat Complexity on Fish Assemblages and Trophic Interactions.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--National University of Singapore (Singapore), 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Coastal urbanisation and rising sea levels have resulted in extensively modified nearshore environments worldwide. Artificial coastal structures such as seawalls and revetments are widespread but often structurally simplified and tend to provide fewer habitat niches compared to the natural habitats they replaced. There is increasing interest in understanding ecological impacts of these structures and how ecologically engineering can be used to enhance their capacity to support marine life. Fishes are highly important for ecosystem service provision and ecological functioning in coastal ecosystems but sensitive to biotic and physical changes in habitat structure. To date, most seawall research has focused on intertidal flora and fauna while associated fish diversity has been largely overlooked, especially in the tropics. In this thesis, I investigated the effect of habitat complexity on fish assemblages and explored whether ecological engineering can enhance fish diversity in the highly urbanised tropical city-state of Singapore. First, my field survey showed seawalls supported high fish diversity but significantly different species compositions from those found in adjacent coral reefs, largely due to contrasting benthic compositions between coralrich reefs and algae-covered seawalls. The role of benthic food resources in structuring seawall fish assemblage patterns was then explored, focussing specifically on the epilithic algal matrix (EAM) that dominates seawall substrates. My results showed that seawall fish assemblages are dominated by EAM-feeding fishes and their feeding activity was greater on seawall EAM than the adjoining reef flats. However, my manipulative experiment found a negative effect of excessive sediment accumulation on EAM on feeding rate and seawall utilisation, demonstrating for the first time the antagonistic effects of two co-occurring urbanisation stressors: coastal infrastructure and sedimentation. Stable isotope analysis revealed that diverse EAMfeeding fishes co-existed on seawalls through trophic niche partitioning while those with substantial niche overlaps co-occurred on seawalls by occupying small, segregated territories and flexible resource use. I also tested whether enhanced benthic resources can increase fish diversity by examining the effects of retrofitted habitat enhancement tiles. My analyses showed trophic-mediated positive effect of ecological engineering on seawall fishes as increased biotic benthic cover (mostly EAM) on the enhancement tiles provided additional feeding areas. Physical habitat structure is also a key factor driving fish assemblage patterns. As fish of different sizes perceive and utilise habitat features differently, providing microhabitats of varying sizes (i.e. structural complexity) is crucial in increasing niches for fishes. However, the diversity-complexity relationship remains elusive and is often confounded by the effects of surface area/volume. I created three types of habitat enhancement units made of concrete blocks and tested complexity effects independent of volume as well as the effect of additional microhabitat features on fish assemblages. The volume-independent complexity modestly influenced fish assemblages while additional microhabitat features had significant effects, but these depended on spatial scales, diel cycles and varied between taxonomic and functional compositions. Altogether, my results highlight the importance of benthic food resources (i.e. EAM) and physical habitat structure in shaping seawall fish assemblages, and that ecological engineering interventions are viable options to enhance fish diversity. The knowledge obtained from these findings contribute to conservation planning and the design of more ecologically sensitive urban waterfront development.
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