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Chloroplast comparative genomics: Im...

Saski, Christopher Alan.

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Chloroplast comparative genomics: Implications for phylogeny, evolution and biotechnology.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Chloroplast comparative genomics: Implications for phylogeny, evolution and biotechnology./
作者:	Saski, Christopher Alan.
面頁冊數:	153 p.
附註:	Adviser: Jeffrey P. Tomkins.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-07B.
標題:	Biology, Bioinformatics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3274315
ISBN:	9780549149910

Chloroplast comparative genomics: Implications for phylogeny, evolution and biotechnology.
Saski, Christopher Alan.

Chloroplast comparative genomics: Implications for phylogeny, evolution and biotechnology. - 153 p.

Adviser: Jeffrey P. Tomkins.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Clemson University, 2007.

Lack of complete chloroplast genome sequences is still a limiting factor determining phylogenetic relationships, discerning evolutionary forces, and extending chloroplast genetic engineering to useful crops. Therefore, the chloroplast genomes from six economically important crops were isolated and sequenced. The results will have an impact on chloroplast biology and biotechnology.

ISBN: 9780549149910Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018415
Biology, Bioinformatics.

Chloroplast comparative genomics: Implications for phylogeny, evolution and biotechnology.
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100 1 $a Saski, Christopher Alan. $3 1264992
245 1 0 $a Chloroplast comparative genomics: Implications for phylogeny, evolution and biotechnology.
300 $a 153 p.
500 $a Adviser: Jeffrey P. Tomkins.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: 4250.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Clemson University, 2007.
520 $a Lack of complete chloroplast genome sequences is still a limiting factor determining phylogenetic relationships, discerning evolutionary forces, and extending chloroplast genetic engineering to useful crops. Therefore, the chloroplast genomes from six economically important crops were isolated and sequenced. The results will have an impact on chloroplast biology and biotechnology.
520 $a The complete soybean chloroplast genome was compared to the other completely sequenced legumes, Lotus and Medicago. The rpl22 gene was found to be missing from all three legumes, a very informative phylogenetic marker. There is a single, large inversion changing the gene order in the legumes from the typical order found in Arabidopsis. Detailed analysis of repeat elements within the chloroplast genomes analyzed indicate they may play some functional role in evolution, and that the psbA and rbcL repeats indicate that the loss of an inverted repeat has only occurred once during the evolutionary history of the legumes. Ideal sites for integration of transgenes were also determined.
520 $a Next, the chloroplast genomes of the agriculturally important solanacaeae crops Solanum lycopersicum and potato were isolated and sequenced. Analysis of the complete chloroplast genome sequences revealed significant insertions and deletions (indels) within certain coding regions. Photosynthesis, RNA, and atp synthase genes are the least divergent and the most divergent genes are clpP, cemA, ccsA, and matK. The identified repeats characterized across the solanaceae are similar to the legumes, located in the same genes or intergenic regions indicating a possible functional role. A comprehensive genome-wide analysis of all coding sequences and intergenic spacer regions was done for the first time in chloroplast genomes. Analysis of RNA editing sites demonstrated they were less common than what was previously observed in tobacco and Atropa, suggesting a loss of editing sites and a possible increase in variation at the RNA level.
520 $a Finally, the complete chloroplast genome sequences of barley, sorghum, and creeping bentgrass, were identified and compared to six published grass chloroplast genomes to reveal that gene content and order are similar, but two microstructural changes have occurred. First, the expansion of the inverted repeat at the small single copy/inverted repeat boundary that duplicates a portion of the 5' end of ndhH is restricted to three genera of the subfamily Pooideae (Agrostis, Hordeum, and Triticum). Second, a 6bp deletion in ndhK is shared by creeping bentgrass, barley, rice, and wheat, and this event supports the sister relationship between the subfamilies Erhartoideae and Pooideae. Repeat analysis revealed many dispersed repeats shared among the grasses, as well as repeats that flank a major genome rearrangement common only to the grasses suggesting this repeat had a functional role in the genome rearrangement. Examination of simple sequence repeat markers identified 16--21 potential SSRs. Distances based on intergenic spacer regions were analyzed as well as RNA editing sites. Phylogenetic trees based on DNA sequences of 61 protein-coding genes of 38 taxa using both maximum parsimony and likelihood methods provide moderate support for a sister relationship between the subfamilies Erhartoideae and Pooideae.
590 $a School code: 0050.
650 4 $a Biology, Bioinformatics. $3 1018415
650 4 $a Biology, Genetics. $3 1017730
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710 2 $a Clemson University. $b Genetics and Biochemistry. $3 1264993
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 68-07B.
790 $a 0050
790 1 0 $a Luo, Hong $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Marcotte, William R. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Smith, Kerry S. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Tomkins, Jeffrey P., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2007
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3274315