東華大學圖書館 |

Essays on Skilled-Labor Immigration and Economic Mobility.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Essays on Skilled-Labor Immigration and Economic Mobility./
作者:	Paul, Urbashee U.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (222 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-11A.
標題:	Education policy. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29168281click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798438759652

Essays on Skilled-Labor Immigration and Economic Mobility.
Paul, Urbashee U.

Essays on Skilled-Labor Immigration and Economic Mobility. - 1 online resource (222 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northeastern University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

This essay consists of three essays that span the topics of education, labor, immigration, and financial economics and utilizes a plethora of applied economics tools. In essence, it is an exercise in application of various empirical methods that I learned during my time as a doctoral student at Northeastern University. My first chapter, titled "How Can Private Sector Employment Experience Improve Student Academic Outcomes?" (co-authored with Alicia Sasser Modestino and Joseph McLaughlin), explores the effect of participating in a Boston-based private-sector summer internships on high school students' academic outcomes, using data from school administrative records. Through employing matching and fixed effects models, we find that participation in private-sector summer internships significantly improves high school attendance and reduces course failures. Furthermore, we find that private sector job experience increases standardized test taking as well as the likelihood of on-time high school graduation and college enrollment. These results suggest that private sector employers have an important role to play in the "ecosystem" of summer jobs, beyond government sponsored programs, to support experiences that help prepare youth for both educational and career pathways into adulthood.My second chapter, titled "Understanding the Determinants of H-1B Decisions: A Machine Learning Approach" (co-authored with Arthur Langlois), leverages an interpretable machine learning framework to understand the compositional shift in new employee H-1B applications that were approved before and after the 2017 "Buy American and Hire American" Executive Order (EO). Since the Trump administration did not explicitly specify any formal regulatory changes pertaining to the H-1B visa, it is unclear a priori which subgroup(s) of applicants were most affected or, perhaps, targeted by this EO. To better understand this, we generate Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) values from machine learning algorithms to measure the evolution in importance of application features over time. Through this exploratory analysis, we also find evidence that the Trump administration may have been targeting Indian applicants solely based on nationality. Indian applicants, in particular, who worked as computer programmers at H-1B dependent firms, and did not hold a graduate degree faced a notably higher likelihood of H-1B visa rejection-despite having the same (or very similar) salary offers as other applicants.Finally, my third chapter, titled "Unanticipated Effects of Trump's High-Skilled Immigration Policies on Multinational Firms", estimates the causal effect of the tightening of high-skilled immigration, following the EO, on multinational firm productivity and financial performance. Using a difference-in-differences and triple-differences framework, I find that the negative labor supply shock did not cause a significant reduction in TFP or profits for H- 1B-dependent multinational firms-despite their reliance on foreign, high-skilled labor. In fact, H-1B dependent firms in the IT sector saw a 4.3 percentage point higher growth in TFP compared to non-H-1B dependent firms in the same sector. These firms also saw a 2-percentage point increase in labor productivity growth compared to non-H-1B dependent firms in the IT sector. The surge in H-1B denials did, however, cause H-1B-dependent, IT firms to experience a 12.4 percentage point decline in profit growth by FY 2020, in part, due to a significant decline in total revenue. Overall, H-1B dependent firms were able to cushion the blow of the negative labor supply shock by reducing their total labor expenditure through less training for new employees, outsourcing fewer professional jobs, and by downsizing their labor force.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798438759652Subjects--Topical Terms:

2191387
Education policy.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Buy American and Hire AmericanIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Essays on Skilled-Labor Immigration and Economic Mobility.
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