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Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic...

Zander, Mary Elizabeth Siefert.

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Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of ginseng and Ginkgo biloba.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of ginseng and Ginkgo biloba./
作者:	Zander, Mary Elizabeth Siefert.
面頁冊數:	178 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1789.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-04B.
標題:	Health Sciences, Nutrition. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3130506
ISBN:	0496777548

Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of ginseng and Ginkgo biloba.
Zander, Mary Elizabeth Siefert.

Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of ginseng and Ginkgo biloba. - 178 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1789.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Carolina, 2004.

Habitual use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) by 50%, but is associated with many serious side effects. This study evaluates commonly used herbal supplements that may have the benefits of NSAIDs without the negative side effects. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of ginseng ( Panax quinquefolius) and its constituents and a standardized Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 expression, rates of proliferation, and apoptosis in the human CRC cell lines HT-29 and HCT-15. These compounds were compared with the effects of curcumin, a botanical that has proven chemopreventive effects; ibuprofen, a non-selective COX inhibitor; nimesulide, a selective COX-2 inhibitor; and 5-flurouracil (5-FU), a common chemotherapeutic agent and anti-metabolite. The herbals and NSAIDs decreased CRC cell growth in a time- and concentration-dependent and COX-independent manner. The concentrations of supplements required to inhibit CRC cell growth by 50% were determined, and were used for the remaining assays. Cell cycle analysis indicated that ibuprofen and 5-FU arrested cell growth in both cell lines in the S phase. Curcumin altered only the cell cycle in the HCT-15s, while ginseng, ginsenoside Rg5, and Ginkgo biloba extract all only altered the cell cycle in the HT-29s. Real time PCR analysis indicated that ibuprofen was the only treatment that decreased COX-1 levels; all herbals tested selectively decreased COX-2 mRNA levels, and many of them increased COX-1. Apoptosis analysis by the TUNEL assay and caspase-3 and bax westerns indicated that ibuprofen was the strongest inducer of apoptosis in both cell lines, curcumin increased apoptosis to a greater extent in HCT-15s, and Ginkgo biloba extract increased apoptosis more in HT-29s. Studies in the min mouse model indicated ibuprofen significantly decreased tumor burden (79% in small intestines, 64% in colons) and Ginkgo biloba extract decreased tumor burden nonsignificantly (29% small intestines, 41% colons). Finally, 5-FU combination studies demonstrated that the herbals did not decrease the efficacy of 5-FU, and may enhance it. Therefore, ginseng and Ginkgo biloba may act similar to NSAIDs as effective chemopreventive agents against CRC, and may enhance 5-FU chemotherapeutic efficacy.

ISBN: 0496777548Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017801
Health Sciences, Nutrition.

Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of ginseng and Ginkgo biloba.
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