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Integration of visual and linguistic...

Spivey-Knowlton, Michael J.

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Integration of visual and linguistic information: Human data and model simulations.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Integration of visual and linguistic information: Human data and model simulations./
作者:	Spivey-Knowlton, Michael J.
面頁冊數:	137 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 57-09, Section: B, page: 5958.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International57-09B.
標題:	Psychology, Experimental. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9704332
ISBN:	9780591107609

Integration of visual and linguistic information: Human data and model simulations.
Spivey-Knowlton, Michael J.

Integration of visual and linguistic information: Human data and model simulations. - 137 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 57-09, Section: B, page: 5958.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rochester, 1996.

How the brain segregates information has been an important issue in the neural and cognitive sciences for a century or more. In the smaller, and younger, subfield of psycholinguistics, many theories of language comprehension postulate that, as the speech stream unfolds over time, it is initially processed by linguistic modules that are encapsulated from information provided by other perceptual and cognitive systems. The experimental and computational work presented herein examines this issue with respect to the role that vision plays in language processing. I suggest that many of the findings that have appeared to support modularity in language comprehension are artifacts due to limitations in the methodologies used. Until recently, measures of language comprehension that provide information about the earliest moments of processing have necessarily presented linguistic stimuli in highly de-contextualized situations. Under such circumstances, it should not be surprising that context has weak and/or delayed effects. However, by monitoring eye movements while subjects follow spoken instructions to manipulate real objects on a table, one is able to observe some of the rapid mental processes that accompany spoken language comprehension--under conditions that approximate an ordinary language environment. The results of these experiments suggest that, contrary to modular accounts, visual context influences spoken word recognition and mediates the resolution of syntactic ambiguity, even during the earliest moments of language processing. These results are interpreted and discussed within the context of a computational approach to information integration (particularly, visual and linguistic information) that emphasizes competition between simultaneously active representations. Based on experimental results and model simulations, it is suggested that theoretical and computational accounts of human visuolinguistic understanding may be most successful with simultaneous and recurrent integration of provisional (or probabilistic) representations from both modalities.

ISBN: 9780591107609Subjects--Topical Terms:

517106
Psychology, Experimental.

Integration of visual and linguistic information: Human data and model simulations.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rochester, 1996.
520 $a How the brain segregates information has been an important issue in the neural and cognitive sciences for a century or more. In the smaller, and younger, subfield of psycholinguistics, many theories of language comprehension postulate that, as the speech stream unfolds over time, it is initially processed by linguistic modules that are encapsulated from information provided by other perceptual and cognitive systems. The experimental and computational work presented herein examines this issue with respect to the role that vision plays in language processing. I suggest that many of the findings that have appeared to support modularity in language comprehension are artifacts due to limitations in the methodologies used. Until recently, measures of language comprehension that provide information about the earliest moments of processing have necessarily presented linguistic stimuli in highly de-contextualized situations. Under such circumstances, it should not be surprising that context has weak and/or delayed effects. However, by monitoring eye movements while subjects follow spoken instructions to manipulate real objects on a table, one is able to observe some of the rapid mental processes that accompany spoken language comprehension--under conditions that approximate an ordinary language environment. The results of these experiments suggest that, contrary to modular accounts, visual context influences spoken word recognition and mediates the resolution of syntactic ambiguity, even during the earliest moments of language processing. These results are interpreted and discussed within the context of a computational approach to information integration (particularly, visual and linguistic information) that emphasizes competition between simultaneously active representations. Based on experimental results and model simulations, it is suggested that theoretical and computational accounts of human visuolinguistic understanding may be most successful with simultaneous and recurrent integration of provisional (or probabilistic) representations from both modalities.
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