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Kinematics and dynamics of the Pacif...

Fay, Noah Patrick.

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Kinematics and dynamics of the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the western United States.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Kinematics and dynamics of the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the western United States./
作者:	Fay, Noah Patrick.
面頁冊數:	140 p.
附註:	Adviser: Eugene Humphreys.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-02B.
標題:	Geophysics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3251850

Kinematics and dynamics of the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the western United States.
Fay, Noah Patrick.

Kinematics and dynamics of the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the western United States. - 140 p.

Adviser: Eugene Humphreys.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.

This dissertation contains both my previously published and co-authored materials.Subjects--Topical Terms:

535228
Geophysics.

Kinematics and dynamics of the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the western United States.
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245 1 0 $a Kinematics and dynamics of the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the western United States.
300 $a 140 p.
500 $a Adviser: Eugene Humphreys.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-02, Section: B, page: .
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
520 $a This dissertation contains both my previously published and co-authored materials.
520 $a Kinematic and dynamic modeling of continental deformation at the Pacific-North American plate boundary in the western United States is presented. In southernmost California where multiple strike-slip faults accommodate the relative motion of the Pacific and North American plates, kinematic finite element modeling suggests that the San Andreas is the dominant plate boundary fault, accommodating &sim;22 mm/yr of offset. It is also shown that the presence of strongly heterogeneous elastic structure of the crust does not bias our interpretation of geodetic data in this location, and that the lower crust is relatively strong, with viscosity of at least 5x1019 Pa-s.
520 $a Analytic calculations of forces and torques acting on the Salton block of southern California, bounded by the San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, show that these faults maintain long-term (averaged over many earthquake cycles) shear stresses of &sim;21-48 MPa (average over 30 km depth). This indicates that these faults have weaker frictional properties than suggested by laboratory experiments, though these fault stresses are important to explain the occurrence of crustal deformation such as mountain building in southern California.
520 $a In central California the dynamics of the Sierra Nevada block is studied to address questions regarding the distribution of stress in the lithosphere. By considering all of the possible sources of stress acting on the block and using dynamic finite element modeling to calculate a predicted stress field to compare with observations, the state of stress in and around the Sierra Nevada lithosphere has been identified. Results suggest that vertically integrated shear stress of magnitude 1.4 +/- 0.3 TN/m, associated with relative Pacific-North American motion, penetrates into the Basin and Range province and is at least partly responsible for deformation there. The Sierra Nevada block is pushing into the Cascade forearc of the Pacific Northwest with a stress of 3.0 +/- 0.3 TN/m, causing compression and shortening of western Oregon and Washington. Finally, the vertically integrated strength of the San Andreas fault decreases dramatically along strike, by as much as 90%, as it accumulates offset and becomes more organized.
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
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