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Earthquake ground motions in eastern...

Sonley, Eleanor.

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Earthquake ground motions in eastern Canada.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Earthquake ground motions in eastern Canada./
作者:	Sonley, Eleanor.
面頁冊數:	326 p.
附註:	Adviser: Gail M. Atkinson.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-12B.
標題:	Geophysics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NQ97846
ISBN:	9780612978461

Earthquake ground motions in eastern Canada.
Sonley, Eleanor.

Earthquake ground motions in eastern Canada. - 326 p.

Adviser: Gail M. Atkinson.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Carleton University (Canada), 2004.

The Brune source model was found to be a very good approximation for the source spectrum of small magnitude earthquakes. The two methods of deriving source spectra agree within uncertainties.

ISBN: 9780612978461Subjects--Topical Terms:

535228
Geophysics.

Earthquake ground motions in eastern Canada.
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245 1 0 $a Earthquake ground motions in eastern Canada.
300 $a 326 p.
500 $a Adviser: Gail M. Atkinson.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-12, Section: B, page: 6256.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Carleton University (Canada), 2004.
520 $a The Brune source model was found to be a very good approximation for the source spectrum of small magnitude earthquakes. The two methods of deriving source spectra agree within uncertainties.
520 $a Seismic hazard assessment relies on accurate knowledge of path effects, where path effects describe the changes in earthquake ground motion amplitude with distance. If the variation of amplitude with distance is well known, then it is possible to determine the spectrum of earthquake ground motion near the source from earthquake ground motions observed at much greater distances. The reverse two-station method (RTSM) of Chun et al. (1987) is explored in this study as a means of determining the coefficient of total attenuation, modelled as R-b, in northeastern North America.
520 $a The Brune spectral source model is compared to two methods of deriving the apparent source spectrum; the Direct method which removes the regional values of path effects and the Empirical Green's Function method, where an Empirical Green's Function event is used to calibrate the earth's response.
520 $a The modified RTSM gives values of the attenuation coefficient for the specific path between a pair of stations. These specific values may only be considered reliable within the path they describe, but average values give an approximation of the regional attenuation. Attenuation was found to be high within the Charlevoix Seismic Zone (CSZ), the most seismically active region within Eastern Canada. The average b value within the CSZ was found to be 1.36 +/- 0.01, much higher than the 1.0 found in Atkinson and Mereu (1992), but closer to the 1.3 found for all of Eastern North America in Atkinson (2004).
520 $a Important parameters, such as seismic moment (M0) and stress drop (Deltasigma) are derived from the source spectrum of an earthquake. From M0, moment magnitude (M after Hanks and Kanamori, 1979) can be calculated. Nuttli magnitude (after Nuttli, 1973) is derived from the time series of the earthquake and is the preferred magnitude scale used by the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC). Empirical relationships between these two magnitude scales are very useful. From the calculated values of this study combined with the values determined in Atkinson (1993), the relationship M = 1.03 MN - 0.61 was determined.
520 $a Calculated stress drop values show a log-linear increase with increasing magnitude. This defies the concept of self-similarity, where one would expect constant stress drop for all magnitudes. Many (e.g. Sacks and Rydelek, 1995; Wu et al., 1996; etc.) have theorised that quantization of earthquakes, where earthquake size reaches an absolute minimum, leads to the breakdown of self-similarity. Calculated Brune source radii show a linear increase with increasing magnitude, even at small magnitudes (M < 3.0), leaving the cause of the apparent breakdown of self-similarity enigmatic.
590 $a School code: 0040.
650 4 $a Geophysics. $3 535228
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710 2 0 $a Carleton University (Canada). $3 1018407
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790 1 0 $a Atkinson, Gail M., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2004
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