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Growth of the occipital in human evo...

Mowbray, Ken.

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Growth of the occipital in human evolution: Understanding the developmental foundations for morphological variability through experimental models and surface bone histology.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Growth of the occipital in human evolution: Understanding the developmental foundations for morphological variability through experimental models and surface bone histology./
作者:	Mowbray, Ken.
面頁冊數:	253 p.
附註:	Director: Susan Marie Cachel.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-03A.
標題:	Anthropology, Physical. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3046758
ISBN:	9780493608280

Growth of the occipital in human evolution: Understanding the developmental foundations for morphological variability through experimental models and surface bone histology.
Mowbray, Ken.

Growth of the occipital in human evolution: Understanding the developmental foundations for morphological variability through experimental models and surface bone histology. - 253 p.

Director: Susan Marie Cachel.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2002.

This dissertation contributes to understanding processes and products of occipital morphology by rethinking research questions and integrating data and analyses from three different but complimentary sources.

ISBN: 9780493608280Subjects--Topical Terms:

877524
Anthropology, Physical.

Growth of the occipital in human evolution: Understanding the developmental foundations for morphological variability through experimental models and surface bone histology.
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245 1 0 $a Growth of the occipital in human evolution: Understanding the developmental foundations for morphological variability through experimental models and surface bone histology.
300 $a 253 p.
500 $a Director: Susan Marie Cachel.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-03, Section: A, page: 1029.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2002.
520 $a This dissertation contributes to understanding processes and products of occipital morphology by rethinking research questions and integrating data and analyses from three different but complimentary sources.
520 $a The hominid occipital provides a template of morphological variability upon which selective pressures have characteristically acted upon since the arrival of bipedalism and encephalization in our primate relatives. This dissertation documents the nature of morphological variability in the posterior cranial fossa exhibited in the family Hominidae and our closest living relatives, Pan troglodytes.
520 $a Three main questions are addressed. First, what is the nature of the developmental variability in the occipital? Second, to what extent are these variations epigenetic? And finally, to what extent are these processes observable in bone at the cellular level? Several main and subsequent subsidiary hypotheses generated from these questions are tested.
520 $a It is clear that some variation in occipital morphology results from heritable features of the posterior cranial base that may represent adaptations to locomotion and/or increased brain size. Two important epigenetic factors also influence occipital size, shape, and surface bone histology. These are: (1) the tensile forces generated by neck muscles that pull primarily on the outer surface of the nuchal plane and (2) the tensile forces generated by brain growth on the inner surface of both the nuchal plane and the occipital plane. Understanding how these processes generate variability in occipital morphology provides useful information for making functional, behavioral, and phylogenetic inferences.
520 $a To answer these questions, three kinds of occipital data on modern human, chimpanzee, and Plio-Pleistocene early hominids are required: (1) morphometrical data; (2) experimental strain gauge data using an appropriate animal model; and (3) bone surface histology profiles. This study uses metric measurements and nonmetric observations from cross-sectional comparative skeletal series. Age is defined in terms of four growth stages determined by the extent of dental development. Distribution of depository and resorptive growth fields are examined using epoxy/resin casts generated from polysiloxane impression molds. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques allow detailed analyses. Controlled experimental studies on the effects of mechanical loading on occipital growth and shape in domestic swine supplement morphometric and histological analyses.
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790 1 0 $a Cachel, Susan Marie, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
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