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Structural and biochemical studies o...

Inuzuka, Yoshihiko.

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Structural and biochemical studies of bacterial nucleotide excision repair enzymes: UvrA and UvrC.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Structural and biochemical studies of bacterial nucleotide excision repair enzymes: UvrA and UvrC./
作者:	Inuzuka, Yoshihiko.
面頁冊數:	120 p.
附註:	Adviser: Gregory L. Verdine.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-02B.
標題:	Biology, Microbiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3251283

Structural and biochemical studies of bacterial nucleotide excision repair enzymes: UvrA and UvrC.
Inuzuka, Yoshihiko.

Structural and biochemical studies of bacterial nucleotide excision repair enzymes: UvrA and UvrC. - 120 p.

Adviser: Gregory L. Verdine.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2007.

Everyday activities, such as walking outside under the sun or eating barbequed meat, can be detrimental to genomic stability if proper cellular defense mechanisms do not function. The nucleotide excision repair (NER) machinery is the main defense mechanism against bulky DNA damage caused by mainly exogenous mutagens, including ultraviolet light from sun causing two adjacent thymidine residues in DNA to form a dimer and a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound benzopyrene found in burnt food and cigarette smoke. Unlike many other DNA repair enzymes, each of which acts upon a specific lesion, the NER can recognize and catalyze the removal of a diverse range of lesions in a multi-component and multi-step manner. In bacteria, three protein components, UvrA, UvrB, and UvrC, are involved in damage recognition and removal. UvrA plays a critical role in damage recognition, whereas UvrC participates in damage removal by incising two distinct sites flanking a lesion. Unlike UvrA and UvrC, UvrB interacts with UvrA first, and then DNA and UvrC, therefore it is involved in all phases of the NER repair cascade. Despite intense biochemical studies since its discovery in the sixties, structural characterization of the NER components, either apoprotein or protein-DNA complexes, have been limited to UvrB and the N-terminal domain of UvrC.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

Structural and biochemical studies of bacterial nucleotide excision repair enzymes: UvrA and UvrC.
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100 1 $a Inuzuka, Yoshihiko. $3 1277691
245 1 0 $a Structural and biochemical studies of bacterial nucleotide excision repair enzymes: UvrA and UvrC.
300 $a 120 p.
500 $a Adviser: Gregory L. Verdine.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-02, Section: B, page: 0951.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2007.
520 $a Everyday activities, such as walking outside under the sun or eating barbequed meat, can be detrimental to genomic stability if proper cellular defense mechanisms do not function. The nucleotide excision repair (NER) machinery is the main defense mechanism against bulky DNA damage caused by mainly exogenous mutagens, including ultraviolet light from sun causing two adjacent thymidine residues in DNA to form a dimer and a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound benzopyrene found in burnt food and cigarette smoke. Unlike many other DNA repair enzymes, each of which acts upon a specific lesion, the NER can recognize and catalyze the removal of a diverse range of lesions in a multi-component and multi-step manner. In bacteria, three protein components, UvrA, UvrB, and UvrC, are involved in damage recognition and removal. UvrA plays a critical role in damage recognition, whereas UvrC participates in damage removal by incising two distinct sites flanking a lesion. Unlike UvrA and UvrC, UvrB interacts with UvrA first, and then DNA and UvrC, therefore it is involved in all phases of the NER repair cascade. Despite intense biochemical studies since its discovery in the sixties, structural characterization of the NER components, either apoprotein or protein-DNA complexes, have been limited to UvrB and the N-terminal domain of UvrC.
520 $a The main part of this thesis describes the structure of Bacillus stearothermophilus full-length UvrA solved to 3.2 A resolution using selenium MAD phasing and zinc SAD phasing techniques. The structure provides new insights into the potential mode of UvrA dimer formation as well as roles of zinc finger motifs and ABC ATPase domains in the protein. Additionally, it reveals the positions of the zinc atoms, which allows us to formulate new biochemically testable hypotheses on the functional roles of those sites.
520 $a From biochemical studies using E. coli, it is concluded that UvrC is responsible for incision at both sides of a lesion, and 3' incision occurs first followed by 5' incision. In our model system B. st., however, 3' incision is deficient while 5' incision occurs without the necessary 3' incision. The first example of this unusual incision mechanism was published only recently, and B. st. is the second organism that does not seem to possess the efficient 3' incision activity.
520 $a It is clear from the UvrA structure and other structures available, it is necessary to capture interacting protein-protein and protein-DNA complexes and structurally characterize those in order to fully comprehend the functional mechanism by which UvrABC repairs a wide range of DNA damage. Attempts on UvrC-CTD apoprotein, a functional fragment responsible for 5' incision, and UvrA-DNA complex crystallization are made. With the UvrC-CTD initial needle crystals are obtained, but they are not diffraction quality crystals. UvrA-DNA complexes have not produced any crystal yet, and further attempts are needed.
590 $a School code: 0084.
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
690 $a 0410
690 $a 0487
710 2 $a Harvard University. $3 528741
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 68-02B.
790 $a 0084
790 1 0 $a Verdine, Gregory L., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2007
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3251283