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The effects of land use pattern on e...

Wainger, Lisa Anne.

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The effects of land use pattern on ecosystems: Development of hydrologic simulation and empirical habitat models for multi-criteria policy analysis.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The effects of land use pattern on ecosystems: Development of hydrologic simulation and empirical habitat models for multi-criteria policy analysis./
作者:	Wainger, Lisa Anne.
面頁冊數:	233 p.
附註:	Chair: Robert Costanza.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International58-11B.
標題:	Biology, Ecology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9816536
ISBN:	9780591677676

The effects of land use pattern on ecosystems: Development of hydrologic simulation and empirical habitat models for multi-criteria policy analysis.
Wainger, Lisa Anne.

The effects of land use pattern on ecosystems: Development of hydrologic simulation and empirical habitat models for multi-criteria policy analysis. - 233 p.

Chair: Robert Costanza.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 1997.

A suite of simulation and empirical models were used to evaluate effects of land use change on ecological and economic indicators for an urbanized coastal plain watershed. A hydrologic model was adapted and calibrated to the site, and tested for sensitivity to land use pattern and proportions. Simulation model results were linked to empirical relationships and models, including an economic model, to assess impacts of land change scenarios through a multiple criteria analysis.

ISBN: 9780591677676Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

The effects of land use pattern on ecosystems: Development of hydrologic simulation and empirical habitat models for multi-criteria policy analysis.
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245 1 4 $a The effects of land use pattern on ecosystems: Development of hydrologic simulation and empirical habitat models for multi-criteria policy analysis.
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520 $a A suite of simulation and empirical models were used to evaluate effects of land use change on ecological and economic indicators for an urbanized coastal plain watershed. A hydrologic model was adapted and calibrated to the site, and tested for sensitivity to land use pattern and proportions. Simulation model results were linked to empirical relationships and models, including an economic model, to assess impacts of land change scenarios through a multiple criteria analysis.
520 $a A time-series cross-sectional regression model was developed that demonstrated a link between fish habitat quality, as measured by total species, and land use fragmentation, as measured through spatial pattern indices (contagion and mean perimeter-to-area) for the watershed. Proportion of medium density land use also proved to be a significant explanatory variable. The research suggests that correlations between land use and in-stream habitat may be more detectable when watersheds are small and similar in hydrologic respects, and when data are used in a time-series cross-sectional model rather than as multi-year basin-wide means.
520 $a Scenario runs in the hydrologic model showed that land use pattern alone influenced streamflow, but when pattern change was combined with changes in land use proportions, the greatest impacts were seen. Land use change had a marked effect on streamflow predominantly through controls on infiltration and evapotranspiration. Positive effects (increased baseflow and reduced stormflow) were seen from maintaining forest in the upper watershed and in stream buffers when watershed development levels were low to moderate. Forest in the upper watershed was found to be a strong control on baseflow despite the low topographic position of the watershed and the high groundwater inflows from outside the basin. High fragmentation increased stream baseflow but did not mitigate peak flow.
520 $a Non-linear responses in streamflow effects were seen at high levels of watershed development. Scenarios with $> $6 0% high density land use generated high stream flows (peak and base) regardless of land configuration or proportions of undeveloped land. The most forest removal did not correspond to the largest impacts on the indicators. This work supports maintenance of stream buffers for reduced flood potential, land value maintenance and improved aquatic habitat.
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