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The role of affect in decisions unde...

Weller, Joshua Abraham.

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The role of affect in decisions under varying levels of uncertainty: Converging evidence from neurological and temperament perspectives.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The role of affect in decisions under varying levels of uncertainty: Converging evidence from neurological and temperament perspectives./
作者:	Weller, Joshua Abraham.
面頁冊數:	175 p.
附註:	Adviser: Irwin P. Levin.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-06B.
標題:	Biology, Neuroscience. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3266010
ISBN:	9780549061212

The role of affect in decisions under varying levels of uncertainty: Converging evidence from neurological and temperament perspectives.
Weller, Joshua Abraham.

The role of affect in decisions under varying levels of uncertainty: Converging evidence from neurological and temperament perspectives. - 175 p.

Adviser: Irwin P. Levin.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2007.

The present studies tested how affect, defined, both in terms of affective processing at the neuropsychological level and dispositional affect impact the decision process. In Studies 1A-1C, I tested how individuals with lesions to brain areas responsible for emotional processing performed on tasks involving ambiguous and risky decisions, either to achieve a gain or to avoid a loss. In Study 2, I investigated how self-reported dispositional affect, as measured by standardized personality indices, was associated with these different decisions.

ISBN: 9780549061212Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017680
Biology, Neuroscience.

The role of affect in decisions under varying levels of uncertainty: Converging evidence from neurological and temperament perspectives.
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100 1 $a Weller, Joshua Abraham. $3 1271094
245 1 4 $a The role of affect in decisions under varying levels of uncertainty: Converging evidence from neurological and temperament perspectives.
300 $a 175 p.
500 $a Adviser: Irwin P. Levin.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-06, Section: B, page: 4150.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2007.
520 $a The present studies tested how affect, defined, both in terms of affective processing at the neuropsychological level and dispositional affect impact the decision process. In Studies 1A-1C, I tested how individuals with lesions to brain areas responsible for emotional processing performed on tasks involving ambiguous and risky decisions, either to achieve a gain or to avoid a loss. In Study 2, I investigated how self-reported dispositional affect, as measured by standardized personality indices, was associated with these different decisions.
520 $a Study 1A found a dissociation in risky decision making as a function of decision domain in patients with amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) damage. Specifically, while VMPC patients made poor decisions in both domains, patients with amygdala damage only demonstrated decision-making deficits in the gain domain. Study 1B added to these results by also finding a dissociation in gains and losses as a function of the lateralization of VMPC lesions. In decisions involving potential gains, patients with right, but not left, unilateral lesions demonstrated a pattern of disadvantageous decision making. In the domain of losses, unilateral VMPC lesions, regardless of lateralization, resulted in a disruption of decision making. Study 1C extended these findings by showing that damage to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a structure implicated in working memory and executive functioning, did not differentially impact decision making under uncertainty. The results of Study 2 provided modest evidence to support that dispositional affect was associated with decision-making under uncertainty. In particular, Attentiveness, Hostility, Guilt, and Sadness, traits which all have been implicated with the aforementioned neural system, were able to make significant contributions to the variance in risky decision making to achieve a gain, but not to avoid a loss.
520 $a Taken together, these studies suggest that uncertainty-based decisions are mediated by the amygdala-VMPC system, regardless of uncertainty level. Further, these results suggest differential neural processing for decisions to achieve a gain versus to avoid a loss. Finally, tying the results from Study 2 into a proposed neural model of decision making, links between temperament and the neural structures implicated in psychopathological behavior are discussed.
590 $a School code: 0096.
650 4 $a Biology, Neuroscience. $3 1017680
650 4 $a Psychology, Cognitive. $3 1017810
650 4 $a Psychology, Personality. $3 1017585
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710 2 $a The University of Iowa. $3 1017439
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 68-06B.
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2007
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3266010