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How task demands and prior knowledge...

Droll, Jason.

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How task demands and prior knowledge control eye movements, visual attention, and use of working memory.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	How task demands and prior knowledge control eye movements, visual attention, and use of working memory./
作者:	Droll, Jason.
面頁冊數:	138 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-09, Section: B, page: 5114.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International66-09B.
標題:	Psychology, Cognitive. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3189114
ISBN:	9780542329449

How task demands and prior knowledge control eye movements, visual attention, and use of working memory.
Droll, Jason.

How task demands and prior knowledge control eye movements, visual attention, and use of working memory. - 138 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-09, Section: B, page: 5114.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rochester, 2005.

Attention and working memory set strict limits on visual representations, yet we have little appreciation of how these limits constrain the acquisition of information in ongoing visually guided behavior. As visually acquired information may represent only a very small subset of the information in a scene, choreographing gaze, attention, and working memory is critical for successful visually guided behavior. This dissertation examines how the use of eye movements, visual attention, and working memory are guided by task context and prior knowledge of scene statistics.

ISBN: 9780542329449Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017810
Psychology, Cognitive.

How task demands and prior knowledge control eye movements, visual attention, and use of working memory.
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245 1 0 $a How task demands and prior knowledge control eye movements, visual attention, and use of working memory.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-09, Section: B, page: 5114.
500 $a Supervisor: Mary M. Hayhoe.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rochester, 2005.
520 $a Attention and working memory set strict limits on visual representations, yet we have little appreciation of how these limits constrain the acquisition of information in ongoing visually guided behavior. As visually acquired information may represent only a very small subset of the information in a scene, choreographing gaze, attention, and working memory is critical for successful visually guided behavior. This dissertation examines how the use of eye movements, visual attention, and working memory are guided by task context and prior knowledge of scene statistics.
520 $a In the first series of experiments, subjects performed a brick-sorting task in a virtual environment. Hand movements and fixation sequences were used to infer internal operations used throughout the task. To more explicitly test visual memory, on about 10% of trials, a change was made to one of the features of the brick being held. Rates of detection for feature changes were generally low, and depended on the pick-up and put-down relevance of the feature to the sorting task. Reasons for missing changes were controlled by manipulating the certainty with which subjects could predict the relevance of the changed feature, suggesting a dynamic use of working memory. Coordination of hand and eye behavior throughout the task was also explored.
520 $a In a second series of experiments, subjects detected changes in orientation for abstract shapes across successive frames. As subjects were exposed to the statistics of object changes and object orientation, fixations were directed toward objects whose features were predictive of a visual change. Results suggest that subjects learn the probabilities of change and object features and may combine them using Bayes' rule to form posterior estimates, enabling strategic deployment of gaze when viewing dynamic scenes. Such sophisticated exploitation of environmental probabilities suggests that complex internal models shape decisions about gaze allocation.
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650 4 $a Psychology, Experimental. $3 517106
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