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Factors affecting macroinfaunal comm...

Stocks, Karen I.

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Factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes./
Author:	Stocks, Karen I.
Description:	180 p.
Notes:	Director: J. Frederick Grassle.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International61-10B.
Subject:	Biology, Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9991933
ISBN:	9780599996274

Factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes.
Stocks, Karen I.

Factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes. - 180 p.

Director: J. Frederick Grassle.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2000.

Three factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes were investigated. The first was tidal exchange volume. Macroinfauna from creeks, vegetated creek banks and ponds in two partially impounded salt marshes with regular but restricted tidal exchange in Delaware, USA, were compared to those from two nearby natural marshes. Species lists from all three impoundment habitats were similar to those from natural marshes, but differed substantially in dominance patterns. Some abundance and diversity effects were seen, but were habitat-specific. Sampling in an impoundment pond before, during, and after water levels were dropped and tidal exchange was eliminated indicated that, during the low water event, abundances were low and community composition shifted towards insects. About 6 weeks after reflooding effects were still seen in very high abundances and strong dominance by one oligochaete, Paranais litoralis. The second factor examined was food limitation during recolonization. Recolonization into replicated, in-situ saltmarsh-pond mesocosms in New Jersey, USA, indicated that those with less benthic microalgae due to a shading treatment had persistently lower abundances of macroinfauna but very few community composition changes. This suggests a food-limited community. The third factor significant examined was the role of behavior in the post-settlement movement of polychaetes. Flume experiments compared the movements of juveniles or adults in five species of polychaetes (Streblospio benedicti, Polydora cornuta, Nereis succinea, Laeonereis culveri, and Lumbrineris tenuis). Species varied significantly in percent movement, with 0 to 24% moving in a 6 h period, and these differences were not explained by the hydrodynamic characteristics of the water and sediments or the species' fall velocities. Differences in movements of adult Streblospio benedicti under several treatments varying light, food, and previous culture conditions indicated that movement decreased under low food conditions and in individuals that had been held or grown from larvae in still-water cultures. Both results indicate that post-settlement movement in polychaetes is behaviorally mediated. Results of all three studies are discussed with respect to impoundment water management planning and saltmarsh restoration/creation methods.

ISBN: 9780599996274Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes.
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245 1 0 $a Factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes.
300 $a 180 p.
500 $a Director: J. Frederick Grassle.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-10, Section: B, page: 5183.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2000.
520 $a Three factors affecting macroinfaunal community structure in salt marshes were investigated. The first was tidal exchange volume. Macroinfauna from creeks, vegetated creek banks and ponds in two partially impounded salt marshes with regular but restricted tidal exchange in Delaware, USA, were compared to those from two nearby natural marshes. Species lists from all three impoundment habitats were similar to those from natural marshes, but differed substantially in dominance patterns. Some abundance and diversity effects were seen, but were habitat-specific. Sampling in an impoundment pond before, during, and after water levels were dropped and tidal exchange was eliminated indicated that, during the low water event, abundances were low and community composition shifted towards insects. About 6 weeks after reflooding effects were still seen in very high abundances and strong dominance by one oligochaete, Paranais litoralis. The second factor examined was food limitation during recolonization. Recolonization into replicated, in-situ saltmarsh-pond mesocosms in New Jersey, USA, indicated that those with less benthic microalgae due to a shading treatment had persistently lower abundances of macroinfauna but very few community composition changes. This suggests a food-limited community. The third factor significant examined was the role of behavior in the post-settlement movement of polychaetes. Flume experiments compared the movements of juveniles or adults in five species of polychaetes (Streblospio benedicti, Polydora cornuta, Nereis succinea, Laeonereis culveri, and Lumbrineris tenuis). Species varied significantly in percent movement, with 0 to 24% moving in a 6 h period, and these differences were not explained by the hydrodynamic characteristics of the water and sediments or the species' fall velocities. Differences in movements of adult Streblospio benedicti under several treatments varying light, food, and previous culture conditions indicated that movement decreased under low food conditions and in individuals that had been held or grown from larvae in still-water cultures. Both results indicate that post-settlement movement in polychaetes is behaviorally mediated. Results of all three studies are discussed with respect to impoundment water management planning and saltmarsh restoration/creation methods.
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