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Characterizing the fate and transpor...

Seo, Youngho.

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Characterizing the fate and transport of solutes in soil.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Characterizing the fate and transport of solutes in soil./
作者:	Seo, Youngho.
面頁冊數:	139 p.
附註:	Adviser: Jaehoon Lee.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-04B.
標題:	Agriculture, Soil Science. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3214427
ISBN:	9780542638923

Characterizing the fate and transport of solutes in soil.
Seo, Youngho.

Characterizing the fate and transport of solutes in soil. - 139 p.

Adviser: Jaehoon Lee.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Tennessee, 2006.

Increasing concerns about contamination of soil and aquatic environments have emphasized the importance of information about the fate and transport of agricultural chemicals in soil. The objective of this research was to provide an improved understanding of the behavior of reactive chemicals in soil. A time domain reflectometry (TDR) method was tested for its ability to measure preferential flow of nitrate and phosphate in soil. Saturated miscible displacement experiments were conducted using three undisturbed soil cores and tracer containing chloride, phosphate, and nitrate. The vertical TDR probe technique proved to be a practical method for a first approximation of nitrate preferential flow in soil, but the method did not work for phosphate. A localized compaction and doming (LCD) applicator was developed to reduce nitrate leaching. During a two-year period, sediment and nutrient losses from plots prepared using the LCD were compared to those prepared using conventional no-till broadcast (NTB) and no-till coulter injection (NTC). Total sediment loss for LCD was significantly greater than sediment loss for NTC and NTB. Masses of bromide, nitrate, phosphate, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in runoff for LCD were significantly less than the corresponding masses for NTB and NTC. Therefore, the LCD method can reduce phosphorus loss in runoff, although resulting in more soil erosion. The effects of soil properties on the fate and transport of chlortetracycline (CTC), tylosin (TYL), and sulfamethazine (SMT) were examined by conducting batch and column experiments. Sorption of CTC and TYL to montmorillonite and kaolinite generally decreased with increasing pH and ionic strength. Decreased retention of CTC and TYL to clays and soils was observed in the presence of Ca2+ compared with Na+. Greater SMT sorption was observed for surface soils having higher soil organic matter compared with subsurface soils, indicating that SMT mainly binds to soil organic matter in soils. Addition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) derived from dairy manure resulted in decreased sorption and increased mobility of CTC and TYL, while increasing sorption of SMT. Failure to take the animal manure application effects into account can lead to conclusions that have little relevance to real situations.

ISBN: 9780542638923Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017824
Agriculture, Soil Science.

Characterizing the fate and transport of solutes in soil.
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