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Early diagenesis of sulfur and prese...

Bruchert, Volker.

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Early diagenesis of sulfur and preservation of organic matter: Sulfur distribution and stable isotopic composition.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Early diagenesis of sulfur and preservation of organic matter: Sulfur distribution and stable isotopic composition./
作者:	Bruchert, Volker.
面頁冊數:	231 p.
附註:	Adviser: Lisa M. Pratt.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International58-08B.
標題:	Biogeochemistry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9805400
ISBN:	9780591553239

Early diagenesis of sulfur and preservation of organic matter: Sulfur distribution and stable isotopic composition.
Bruchert, Volker.

Early diagenesis of sulfur and preservation of organic matter: Sulfur distribution and stable isotopic composition. - 231 p.

Adviser: Lisa M. Pratt.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 1997.

Assessment of global trends in the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and sulfur requires an understanding of the processes leading to accumulation and preservation of organic carbon in marine sediments. Dissolved sulfide produced during bacterial reduction of sulfate occupies a pivotal, yet insufficiently understood role in the early diagenetic cycle of sulfur. Samples were collected from anoxic sediments of the St. Andrew Bay estuary, Florida, to assess early diagenetic pathways of sulfur in sediments spanning approximately 800 years of deposition. Sediments were analysed for abundance and isotopic composition of 8 sedimentary species of sulfur (pyrite, acid-volatile sulfide, elemental sulfur, bitumen sulfur, kerogen sulfur, humic acid sulfur, and fulvic acid-sulfur), for abundance and isotopic composition of dissolved sulfate and dissolved sulfide, and for chemical and isotopic composition of sedimentary organic matter. These samples were compared to samples from Pleistocene sediments of the Santa Barbara Basin, California reaching back 150,000 years.

ISBN: 9780591553239Subjects--Topical Terms:

545717
Biogeochemistry.

Early diagenesis of sulfur and preservation of organic matter: Sulfur distribution and stable isotopic composition.
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520 $a Assessment of global trends in the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and sulfur requires an understanding of the processes leading to accumulation and preservation of organic carbon in marine sediments. Dissolved sulfide produced during bacterial reduction of sulfate occupies a pivotal, yet insufficiently understood role in the early diagenetic cycle of sulfur. Samples were collected from anoxic sediments of the St. Andrew Bay estuary, Florida, to assess early diagenetic pathways of sulfur in sediments spanning approximately 800 years of deposition. Sediments were analysed for abundance and isotopic composition of 8 sedimentary species of sulfur (pyrite, acid-volatile sulfide, elemental sulfur, bitumen sulfur, kerogen sulfur, humic acid sulfur, and fulvic acid-sulfur), for abundance and isotopic composition of dissolved sulfate and dissolved sulfide, and for chemical and isotopic composition of sedimentary organic matter. These samples were compared to samples from Pleistocene sediments of the Santa Barbara Basin, California reaching back 150,000 years.
520 $a Core profiles from recent sediments of St. Andrew Bay reveal that sulfide is incorporated into macromolecular organic substances such as humic and fulvic acids directly at the sediment oxic/anoxic interface. Fulvic acids represent the largest, but transient sink for dissolved sulfide. During burial, two thirds of organic-bound sulfides are released into porewaters driving a dynamic cycling of sulfur between sedimentary and porewater species in the uppermost 5 cm of sediment. Abundance and isotopic composition of porewater sulfur species indicate limitation of bacterial sulfate reduction by reactive organic matter despite high concentrations of total organic carbon. Polymerization of sedimentary organic matter due to sulfide cross-linking significantly affects the potential for microbial degradation. Formation of pyrite takes place under more reducing conditions just below the zone of formation of fulvic acid-sulfur. Modelling of porewater profiles of dissolved sulfur species indicates that the isotopic composition of sedimentary sulfur species reflect the effects of diffusion limitation of dissolved sulfate, variations in rates of bacterial sulfate reduction, and differences in the efficiency of bacterial reoxidation of dissolved sulfide. Spatial and temporal variations in these processes affect the efficiency of sulfur cycling during early diagenesis and need to be accounted for when using concentration and isotopic composition of sedimentary sulfur for reconstruction of ancient depositional environments.
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