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Biochemical and metabolic causes of ...

Ko, Kwang Suk.

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Biochemical and metabolic causes of taurine deficiency in large dogs.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Biochemical and metabolic causes of taurine deficiency in large dogs./
Author:	Ko, Kwang Suk.
Description:	130 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Quinton R. Rogers.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-09B.
Subject:	Biology, Veterinary Science. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3236020
ISBN:	9780542898938

Biochemical and metabolic causes of taurine deficiency in large dogs.
Ko, Kwang Suk.

Biochemical and metabolic causes of taurine deficiency in large dogs. - 130 p.

Adviser: Quinton R. Rogers.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2006.

Even though dogs are known to synthesize sufficient taurine to meet their biological needs from its precursors, sulfur amino acids (SAA), taurine deficiency and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in canines have been reported mainly in large breed-dogs. Since lamb and rice diets without copper (Cu) supplementation have been implicated as possible causes of taurine deficiency in dogs, Cu deficiency, dietary rice bran (RB) and capacity to synthesize taurine were studied in small dogs (SD) and large dogs (LD). Cu deficiency was induced in rats, as a model for dogs, and their taurine status and hepatic activities of two enzymes involved in synthesizing taurine, cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) and cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), were determined. Cu deficient rats did not decrease the concentrations of taurine in plasma (PL), whole blood (WB) or urine or the activity of CDO, as compared to that of rats fed adequate Cu. Hepatic CSAD in Cu deficient rats was significantly higher than that of normal rats, as commonly occurs with lower intakes of protein. The capacities to synthesize taurine were compared between SD and LD under two different dietary conditions. First, SD and LD were fed the amount of diet for each dog to maintain ideal body condition and then the SD and LD were paired and fed the same amount of diet per metabolic body weight. In both studies, LD showed a significantly lower capacity to synthesize taurine: Finally, the effects of dietary RB was compared to that of other fibers, cellulose (CL) and beet pulp (BP), on taurine status and fecal bile acid excretion in large dogs. The dogs were fed purified diets containing the different fiber sources for 12 weeks and their taurine status and fecal bile acids were measured. The BP-containing diets lowered PL and WB taurine concentrations and caused the highest fecal bile acid excretions, compared to dogs fed diets containing CL or RB. These results support the hypothesis that taurine status in LD relative to SD is lower because LD ingest less energy, and thus less SAA/kg BW 0.75 than SD.

ISBN: 9780542898938Subjects--Topical Terms:

1021733
Biology, Veterinary Science.

Biochemical and metabolic causes of taurine deficiency in large dogs.
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005 20110519
008 110519s2006 eng d
020 $a 9780542898938
035 $a (UMI)AAI3236020
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040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Ko, Kwang Suk. $3 1265598
245 1 0 $a Biochemical and metabolic causes of taurine deficiency in large dogs.
300 $a 130 p.
500 $a Adviser: Quinton R. Rogers.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-09, Section: B, page: 4987.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2006.
520 $a Even though dogs are known to synthesize sufficient taurine to meet their biological needs from its precursors, sulfur amino acids (SAA), taurine deficiency and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in canines have been reported mainly in large breed-dogs. Since lamb and rice diets without copper (Cu) supplementation have been implicated as possible causes of taurine deficiency in dogs, Cu deficiency, dietary rice bran (RB) and capacity to synthesize taurine were studied in small dogs (SD) and large dogs (LD). Cu deficiency was induced in rats, as a model for dogs, and their taurine status and hepatic activities of two enzymes involved in synthesizing taurine, cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) and cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), were determined. Cu deficient rats did not decrease the concentrations of taurine in plasma (PL), whole blood (WB) or urine or the activity of CDO, as compared to that of rats fed adequate Cu. Hepatic CSAD in Cu deficient rats was significantly higher than that of normal rats, as commonly occurs with lower intakes of protein. The capacities to synthesize taurine were compared between SD and LD under two different dietary conditions. First, SD and LD were fed the amount of diet for each dog to maintain ideal body condition and then the SD and LD were paired and fed the same amount of diet per metabolic body weight. In both studies, LD showed a significantly lower capacity to synthesize taurine: Finally, the effects of dietary RB was compared to that of other fibers, cellulose (CL) and beet pulp (BP), on taurine status and fecal bile acid excretion in large dogs. The dogs were fed purified diets containing the different fiber sources for 12 weeks and their taurine status and fecal bile acids were measured. The BP-containing diets lowered PL and WB taurine concentrations and caused the highest fecal bile acid excretions, compared to dogs fed diets containing CL or RB. These results support the hypothesis that taurine status in LD relative to SD is lower because LD ingest less energy, and thus less SAA/kg BW 0.75 than SD.
590 $a School code: 0029.
650 4 $a Biology, Veterinary Science. $3 1021733
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Nutrition. $3 1017801
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690 $a 0570
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710 2 0 $a University of California, Davis. $3 1018682
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 67-09B.
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790 1 0 $a Rogers, Quinton R., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3236020