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Murder by structure: A network theor...

Papachristos, Andrew Vasilios.

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Murder by structure: A network theory of gang homicide.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Murder by structure: A network theory of gang homicide./
作者:	Papachristos, Andrew Vasilios.
面頁冊數:	281 p.
附註:	Adviser: Andrew Abbott.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-05A.
標題:	Sociology, Criminology and Penology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3262279
ISBN:	9780549017943

Murder by structure: A network theory of gang homicide.
Papachristos, Andrew Vasilios.

Murder by structure: A network theory of gang homicide. - 281 p.

Adviser: Andrew Abbott.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2007.

Most sociological theories consider murder an outcome of the differential distribution of individual, neighborhood, or social characteristics. And, despite some variation, we know that individuals of minority groups, especially young males who live in poor, isolated neighborhoods, are the most likely perpetrators and victims of murder. Gang membership is merely another factor that increases one's likelihood of killing or being killed by exposing gang members to situations and activities that are particularly conducive to violence.

ISBN: 9780549017943Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017569
Sociology, Criminology and Penology.

Murder by structure: A network theory of gang homicide.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2007.
520 $a Most sociological theories consider murder an outcome of the differential distribution of individual, neighborhood, or social characteristics. And, despite some variation, we know that individuals of minority groups, especially young males who live in poor, isolated neighborhoods, are the most likely perpetrators and victims of murder. Gang membership is merely another factor that increases one's likelihood of killing or being killed by exposing gang members to situations and activities that are particularly conducive to violence.
520 $a This dissertation argues that gang murder is best understood not by searching for its individual determinants but by examining the social networks of action and reaction that create it. Gang members do not kill because they are poor, Black, young, morally depraved, or live in a socially disadvantaged neighborhood. They kill because they live in a structured set of social relations in which violence diffuses through a series of connected individuals. I maintain that individual murders link together across events and people to create an overarching network of contentious relations that shape future patterns of conflict, collective action, and murder. Gang murder unfolds through an epidemic-like process of social contagion as competing groups jockey for positions of dominance within such network structures.
520 $a Using incident-level homicide records for the City of Chicago and ethnographic observation data with gang members, this study examines the micro-dynamics of gang murder and how these dynamics generate institutionalized networks of conflicts where murder is the default rule for status attainment. I use formal network methodology, including descriptive, clustering, and simulation techniques to analyze: (1) how properties of social networks influence the spread, persistence, and stability of gang violence over time; and (2) how normative aspects of the gang, especially those related to social status and honor, create enduring contentious relations. My findings demonstrate that individual murders between gangs create an institutionalized network of group conflict, net of any individual's participation, history, or motive. Murders spread as gangs respond to threats by evaluating the highly visible actions of others in their local networks. Implications for the study of gangs, murder and interpersonal violence more generally, and social network analysis are also discussed.
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