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A study of herbicide carryover and s...

Smith, Marshall Cade.

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A study of herbicide carryover and soil interaction using in-field bioassay and nonequilibrium thin-disc methods.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	A study of herbicide carryover and soil interaction using in-field bioassay and nonequilibrium thin-disc methods./
作者:	Smith, Marshall Cade.
面頁冊數:	154 p.
附註:	Major Professor: David R. Shaw.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-02B.
標題:	Agriculture, Agronomy. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3043158
ISBN:	0493569103

A study of herbicide carryover and soil interaction using in-field bioassay and nonequilibrium thin-disc methods.
Smith, Marshall Cade.

A study of herbicide carryover and soil interaction using in-field bioassay and nonequilibrium thin-disc methods. - 154 p.

Major Professor: David R. Shaw.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University, 2002.

Research was conducted to evaluate herbicide carryover and herbicide-soil interactions. The first objective was to explore rotational crop injury from pyrithiobac carryover. Imazaquin was included as a reference standard. The second objective was to determine the influence of incubation time on desorption of imazaquin from field-moist soil in a thin-disc flow system and elucidate the most appropriate kinetics model to describe imazaquin leaching from a surface applications. The third objective was to use a novel method, dual-label thin-disc flow, to determine atrazine and imazaquin sorption to soil and compare the results those with a traditional batch method. The final object was to use the dual-label thin-disc method to measure the rapid-phase sorption kinetics of atrazine and imazaquin and compare the results to those from a traditional batch method.

ISBN: 0493569103Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018679
Agriculture, Agronomy.

A study of herbicide carryover and soil interaction using in-field bioassay and nonequilibrium thin-disc methods.
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245 1 0 $a A study of herbicide carryover and soil interaction using in-field bioassay and nonequilibrium thin-disc methods.
300 $a 154 p.
500 $a Major Professor: David R. Shaw.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-02, Section: B, page: 0613.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University, 2002.
520 $a Research was conducted to evaluate herbicide carryover and herbicide-soil interactions. The first objective was to explore rotational crop injury from pyrithiobac carryover. Imazaquin was included as a reference standard. The second objective was to determine the influence of incubation time on desorption of imazaquin from field-moist soil in a thin-disc flow system and elucidate the most appropriate kinetics model to describe imazaquin leaching from a surface applications. The third objective was to use a novel method, dual-label thin-disc flow, to determine atrazine and imazaquin sorption to soil and compare the results those with a traditional batch method. The final object was to use the dual-label thin-disc method to measure the rapid-phase sorption kinetics of atrazine and imazaquin and compare the results to those from a traditional batch method.
520 $a Grain sorghum was most sensitive to carryover from 690 g ai ha<super> −1</super> pyrithiobac applied the previous year followed by corn and then soybean. Cotton was the most sensitive crop to 690 g ai ha<super> −1</super> imazaquin followed by com and then grain sorghum. Carryover treatments injured all rotational crops. The approximated half-life of pyrithiobac and imazaquin was 61 and 71 d, respectively. Layby applications of pyrithiobac were determined to have a higher than acceptable potential to injure com and reduce yield when grown after pyrithiobac.
520 $a Imazaquin sorption increased with time beyond 24-h incubation. Imazaquin desorption was kinetically driven in the initial stage but equilibrium limited as desorption continued. Diffusion-driven sorption processes with incubation times beyond 24 h more tightly sorbed imazaquin than rapid sorption processes.
520 $a Imazaquin and atrazine sorption was biphasic, with a much higher proportion of rapid sorption with atrazine than imazaquin. Imazaquin and atrazine 24-h Kf values equaled 0.35 and 2.41, respectively. Atrazine K d determined with the dual-label thin-disc method was 1.54, compared to 1.38 with 5.0-min batch experiments. Imazaquin was too weakly sorbed to accurately determine a thin-disc flow Kd. The 5.0-min imazaquin Kf was 0.056 with the batch method. Elovich kinetics best described gradual phase herbicide sorption and desorption. Rapid-phase sorption kinetics determined by thin-disc flow agreed closely with those obtained with traditional batch methods.
590 $a School code: 0132.
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650 4 $a Agriculture, Soil Science. $3 1017824
650 4 $a Chemistry, Agricultural. $3 1021829
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