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Optimism and well-being in American ...

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Optimism and well-being in American and Chinese college student samples: A cross-cultural short-term longitudinal study.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Optimism and well-being in American and Chinese college student samples: A cross-cultural short-term longitudinal study./
作者:	Zhu, Lin.
面頁冊數:	276 p.
附註:	Adviser: Lauren B. Alloy.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-02B.
標題:	Education, Educational Psychology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3081798

Optimism and well-being in American and Chinese college student samples: A cross-cultural short-term longitudinal study.
Zhu, Lin.

Optimism and well-being in American and Chinese college student samples: A cross-cultural short-term longitudinal study. - 276 p.

Adviser: Lauren B. Alloy.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Temple University, 2003.

Previous research in the West has shown that optimism, conceptualized as generalized positive outcome expectancies, as adaptive attributional styles, and as perceived unique invulnerabilities to negative future events, predicts better psychological well-being, physical health, and superior performances in school, work, and sports in highly individualistic cultures. This cross-cultural, short-term longitudinal study examined whether these same findings would generalize to college students in China, where collectivism, not individualism, was believed to be the cultural norm. Students' nationality and individualism-collectivism were examined as possible moderators of the optimism/well-being relationship, with three coping strategies (i.e., problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidance coping) as potential mediators. Participants were 446 undergraduate students from the United States and People's Republic of China. They completed self-report measures of optimism and well-being at the beginning and the end of Spring semester, 2000. Results indicated that optimism, variously defined, was a significant predictor of psychological and physical well-being across both cultures, nationality or individualism-collectivism did not function as effective moderators. Most of the significant optimism effects were not mediated by the three adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies. In addition, results revealed interesting cross-cultural differences. The American students were more optimistic, but also more pessimistic, than the Chinese students. The Chinese participants reported more emotional distress although their physical symptoms did not differ from those of the American students. Surprisingly, the two samples did not differ at all on their preferences for individualistic or collectivist values. Possible explanations, such as the uniqueness of the two samples, were examined. The implications of these results were discussed.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017560
Education, Educational Psychology.

Optimism and well-being in American and Chinese college student samples: A cross-cultural short-term longitudinal study.
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