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Fatigue of inhibitory processes in s...

Schwartz, David Alan.

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Fatigue of inhibitory processes in selective attention: Experimental support for a theory of intentional thought and action.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Fatigue of inhibitory processes in selective attention: Experimental support for a theory of intentional thought and action./
Author:	Schwartz, David Alan.
Description:	192 p.
Notes:	Chair: Stephen Kaplan.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International61-02B.
Subject:	Psychology, Cognitive. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9959855
ISBN:	0599634693

Fatigue of inhibitory processes in selective attention: Experimental support for a theory of intentional thought and action.
Schwartz, David Alan.

Fatigue of inhibitory processes in selective attention: Experimental support for a theory of intentional thought and action. - 192 p.

Chair: Stephen Kaplan.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 1999.

The psychological state colloquially known as “mental fatigue” is a commonly experienced yet poorly understood aspect of cognitive functioning. During the past 100 years of experimental investigation psychologists have learned much about the behavioral and affective changes associated with the fatigued state, but have not yet succeeded in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the increased distractibility, impulsivity, and irritability that typically ensue following periods of prolonged effortful concentration. Conceptualizations of mental fatigue as the dissemination of “fatigue-poisons,” the effects of overarousal, or as generalized cognitive slowing are inconsistent with the available evidence. This lack of progress has led some authors to suggest that it may prove impossible to formulate a unified theory of mental fatigue mechanisms. This thesis counters such pessimism by presenting a theoretical and empirical argument for conceptualizing mental fatigue as the weakening of a global, inhibitory cognitive process. The theoretical portion of the thesis shows that this conceptualization offers a neurologically plausible, integrative, and parsimonious account of prior findings concerning the behavioral effects of prolonged mental work. The empirical portion describes three experimental tests of the hypothesis that prolonged mental work induces fatigue of a global inhibitory cognitive process. The third and most conclusive of the three experiments demonstrated that a 20-minute fatigue manipulation (continuous recall of auditorially-presented numbers) reduced the amount of negative priming (a reaction-time measure of inhibitory processing in selective attention) on a subsequent computer-administered letter-naming task. Notable features of the work include the demonstration of fatigue transfer effects across sensory modalities and categories of information, the counter-intuitive finding that prolonged mental work can decrease response latency, and the combined use of naturalistic and laboratory methods. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for models of selective attention, for theories concerning the nature of constraints on human cognitive functioning, and for the emerging view of inhibition as a unifying theoretical construct in psychological science.

ISBN: 0599634693Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017810
Psychology, Cognitive.

Fatigue of inhibitory processes in selective attention: Experimental support for a theory of intentional thought and action.
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035 $a (UnM)AAI9959855
035 $a AAI9959855
040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Schwartz, David Alan. $3 1258207
245 1 0 $a Fatigue of inhibitory processes in selective attention: Experimental support for a theory of intentional thought and action.
300 $a 192 p.
500 $a Chair: Stephen Kaplan.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-02, Section: B, page: 1106.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 1999.
520 $a The psychological state colloquially known as “mental fatigue” is a commonly experienced yet poorly understood aspect of cognitive functioning. During the past 100 years of experimental investigation psychologists have learned much about the behavioral and affective changes associated with the fatigued state, but have not yet succeeded in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the increased distractibility, impulsivity, and irritability that typically ensue following periods of prolonged effortful concentration. Conceptualizations of mental fatigue as the dissemination of “fatigue-poisons,” the effects of overarousal, or as generalized cognitive slowing are inconsistent with the available evidence. This lack of progress has led some authors to suggest that it may prove impossible to formulate a unified theory of mental fatigue mechanisms. This thesis counters such pessimism by presenting a theoretical and empirical argument for conceptualizing mental fatigue as the weakening of a global, inhibitory cognitive process. The theoretical portion of the thesis shows that this conceptualization offers a neurologically plausible, integrative, and parsimonious account of prior findings concerning the behavioral effects of prolonged mental work. The empirical portion describes three experimental tests of the hypothesis that prolonged mental work induces fatigue of a global inhibitory cognitive process. The third and most conclusive of the three experiments demonstrated that a 20-minute fatigue manipulation (continuous recall of auditorially-presented numbers) reduced the amount of negative priming (a reaction-time measure of inhibitory processing in selective attention) on a subsequent computer-administered letter-naming task. Notable features of the work include the demonstration of fatigue transfer effects across sensory modalities and categories of information, the counter-intuitive finding that prolonged mental work can decrease response latency, and the combined use of naturalistic and laboratory methods. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for models of selective attention, for theories concerning the nature of constraints on human cognitive functioning, and for the emerging view of inhibition as a unifying theoretical construct in psychological science.
590 $a School code: 0127.
650 4 $a Psychology, Cognitive. $3 1017810
650 4 $a Psychology, Experimental. $3 517106
690 $a 0623
690 $a 0633
710 2 0 $a University of Michigan. $3 777416
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 61-02B.
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790 1 0 $a Kaplan, Stephen, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1999
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9959855