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Role of macrophages in restricting h...

University of South Alabama.

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Role of macrophages in restricting herpes simplex virus type 1 growth after ocular infection.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Role of macrophages in restricting herpes simplex virus type 1 growth after ocular infection./
作者:	Cheng, Hao.
面頁冊數:	81 p.
附註:	Chair: Robert N. Lausch.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International60-03B.
標題:	Biology, Microbiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9921556
ISBN:	059920771X

Role of macrophages in restricting herpes simplex virus type 1 growth after ocular infection.
Cheng, Hao.

Role of macrophages in restricting herpes simplex virus type 1 growth after ocular infection. - 81 p.

Chair: Robert N. Lausch.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Alabama, 1999.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection on the scarified cornea leads to virus replication in ocular tissue and the trigeminal ganglion (TG). At a high infectious dose the virus may spread to the brain and cause fatal encephalitis. After a moderate challenge dose in immunocompetent animals the virus is usually eliminated 7–9 days later. Both innate and acquired immunities appear to be involved in virus clearance. Studies have indicated that different cell types including neutrophils and lymphocytes, and soluble proteins such as interferon α/β (IFN-α/β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) contribute to virus removal. However, the role of macrophages in this process remains unclear. To address this question, studies were conducted in mice selectively depleted of macrophages via the administration of liposomes containing dichloromethylene diphosphonate (L-Cl 2MDP). It was found that mice given L-Cl2MDP both subconjunctivally (s.c.) and intravenously (i.v.) prior to ocular virus infection experienced enhanced virus growth and 89% mortality whereas none of the controls died. When L-Cl2MDP treatment was delayed until 2 and 4 days after infection virus titers in the eye and TG remained the same as the controls. Further studies indicated that local (s.c.), but not systemic (i.v.), L-Cl2MDP pretreatment resulted in significantly enhanced HSV-1 growth in the eye and TG 8 days postinfection, and was associated with depletion of subconjunctival and submandibular lymph node macrophages. However, depletion of macrophages in the subconjunctiva was not associated with elevated virus titers 4 days postinfection suggesting that innate immunity was not compromised. Local L-Cl 2MDP pretreatment also significantly reduced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responsiveness to HSV-1 antigens whereas the production of HSV-1 specific immunoglobulin IgM and to a lesser extent IgG2a were significantly increased. In contrast, L-Cl2MDP given systemically before or after virus infection did not alter the cellular immune response. We conclude that macrophages play an important role in restricting HSV-1 ocular infection. Unexpectedly, their participation was not associated with innate immunity. Rather, the cells were needed for the development of cell-mediated immunity, presumably functioning in antigen presentation.

ISBN: 059920771XSubjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

Role of macrophages in restricting herpes simplex virus type 1 growth after ocular infection.
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