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Parallel and serial operations in ch...

Pantzer, Teresa Margret.

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Parallel and serial operations in character identification.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Parallel and serial operations in character identification./
作者:	Pantzer, Teresa Margret.
面頁冊數:	180 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-07, Section: B, page: 3940.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International58-07B.
標題:	Psychology, Cognitive. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9800908
ISBN:	0591501546

Parallel and serial operations in character identification.
Pantzer, Teresa Margret.

Parallel and serial operations in character identification. - 180 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-07, Section: B, page: 3940.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1997.

Much of what is known about how humans process displays of multiple familiar items comes from visual search tasks. However, the appropriateness of such tasks to illuminate processes underlying identification has been called into question by numerous investigators (e.g. Rabbit 1978; Eriksen and Collins, 1969; Townsend and Ashby, 1984). The experiments reported here use a much less studied speeded whole-report task to investigate the structure of processes involved in identification. Unlike search tasks an important aspect of this procedure is that it requires the identification of all display elements. In experiment 1 both the number of items in the display and their legibilities were manipulated. Combining these two experimental variations provides a powerful tool for distinguishing serial from certain limited-capacity parallel processes. Two distinct reaction-time effects were found as a function of legibility, which indicates that identification depends on at least two distinct mechanisms. A pattern mask superimposed on each item influenced a parallel component of the encoding process (call it $\alpha).$ Disorientation of each item influenced a serial component (call it $\beta).$ In experiment 2 both manipulations were applied to the same item. Consistent with the hypothesis that $\alpha$ and $\beta$ operate sequentially within an item, additivity of the mask and disorientation effects on mean RT was found. However, the observed additivity was not invariant over changes in digit identity, weakening the conclusions. In experiment 3 the two legibility manipulations were applied independently to different digits in the same display. The results suggest that although the $\beta$ processes for different items cannot overlap, the $\beta$ process for one item can start before the $\alpha$ processes for other items have finished. Methodological and theoretical consequences of this overlap property are considered.

ISBN: 0591501546Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017810
Psychology, Cognitive.

Parallel and serial operations in character identification.
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520 $a Much of what is known about how humans process displays of multiple familiar items comes from visual search tasks. However, the appropriateness of such tasks to illuminate processes underlying identification has been called into question by numerous investigators (e.g. Rabbit 1978; Eriksen and Collins, 1969; Townsend and Ashby, 1984). The experiments reported here use a much less studied speeded whole-report task to investigate the structure of processes involved in identification. Unlike search tasks an important aspect of this procedure is that it requires the identification of all display elements. In experiment 1 both the number of items in the display and their legibilities were manipulated. Combining these two experimental variations provides a powerful tool for distinguishing serial from certain limited-capacity parallel processes. Two distinct reaction-time effects were found as a function of legibility, which indicates that identification depends on at least two distinct mechanisms. A pattern mask superimposed on each item influenced a parallel component of the encoding process (call it $\alpha).$ Disorientation of each item influenced a serial component (call it $\beta).$ In experiment 2 both manipulations were applied to the same item. Consistent with the hypothesis that $\alpha$ and $\beta$ operate sequentially within an item, additivity of the mask and disorientation effects on mean RT was found. However, the observed additivity was not invariant over changes in digit identity, weakening the conclusions. In experiment 3 the two legibility manipulations were applied independently to different digits in the same display. The results suggest that although the $\beta$ processes for different items cannot overlap, the $\beta$ process for one item can start before the $\alpha$ processes for other items have finished. Methodological and theoretical consequences of this overlap property are considered.
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