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A resource-reduction theory of synta...

Miyake, Akira.

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A resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders: Making normal adults perform like aphasic patients.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	A resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders: Making normal adults perform like aphasic patients./
作者:	Miyake, Akira.
面頁冊數:	85 p.
附註:	Co-Chairs: Patricia A. Carpenter; Marcel Adam Just.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International55-02B.
標題:	Psychology, Experimental. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9419191

A resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders: Making normal adults perform like aphasic patients.
Miyake, Akira.

A resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders: Making normal adults perform like aphasic patients. - 85 p.

Co-Chairs: Patricia A. Carpenter; Marcel Adam Just.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Carnegie Mellon University, 1994.

This dissertation presents a resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders in aphasic patients. Unlike earlier theories and proposals, the current theory assumes that aphasic patients still have the structural and procedural knowledge intact enough to perform syntactic analysis. Instead, it postulates that patients' comprehension deficits originate, at least in part, from reductions in working memory capacity for language, or the amount of cognitive resources that support both the execution of various language processes and the storage of intermediate comprehension products. One implication of this view is that sentence comprehension processes slow down when the resource demand exceeds the patient's capacity, because the lack of resources does not allow a normal speed of processing. The theory proposes that this slowing down of comprehension processes due to resource limitations may be responsible for aphasic patients' failures in auditory syntactic comprehension by making it difficult for them to keep up with the pace of natural speech.Subjects--Topical Terms:

517106
Psychology, Experimental.

A resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders: Making normal adults perform like aphasic patients.
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100 1 $a Miyake, Akira. $3 1253351
245 1 0 $a A resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders: Making normal adults perform like aphasic patients.
300 $a 85 p.
500 $a Co-Chairs: Patricia A. Carpenter; Marcel Adam Just.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-02, Section: B, page: 0619.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Carnegie Mellon University, 1994.
520 $a This dissertation presents a resource-reduction theory of syntactic comprehension disorders in aphasic patients. Unlike earlier theories and proposals, the current theory assumes that aphasic patients still have the structural and procedural knowledge intact enough to perform syntactic analysis. Instead, it postulates that patients' comprehension deficits originate, at least in part, from reductions in working memory capacity for language, or the amount of cognitive resources that support both the execution of various language processes and the storage of intermediate comprehension products. One implication of this view is that sentence comprehension processes slow down when the resource demand exceeds the patient's capacity, because the lack of resources does not allow a normal speed of processing. The theory proposes that this slowing down of comprehension processes due to resource limitations may be responsible for aphasic patients' failures in auditory syntactic comprehension by making it difficult for them to keep up with the pace of natural speech.
520 $a As supporting evidence for the theory, this dissertation reports three "simulation" experiments in which we increased the computational demand on normal adults by presenting sentences at fast rates and thereby induced them to comprehend like aphasic patients in some important respects. Experiment 1 induced, among normal adults, the general patterns of syntactic comprehension performance observed among aphasic patients, including the effects of severity and syntactic complexity as well as their interaction, the effects all predicted by the resource-reduction theory. Experiments 2 and 3 critically evaluated the hypothesis that some aphasic patients have comprehension impairments that are specific to particular sentence structures or linguistic operations. This specific impairment hypothesis is based on some aphasic patients' comprehension profiles that significantly deviate from what the severity of the patient's deficit and the structural complexity of the sentence type alone would predict. Experiments 2 and 3 demonstrated that normal adults, who supposedly had intact structural and procedural knowledge necessary for syntactic analysis, did show similar idiosyncratic comprehension profiles, making it less necessary to postulate specific impairments at the grain level of specific sentence structures or linguistic operations.
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