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Biotic and abiotic transformations o...

McCormick, Michael Lawrence.

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Biotic and abiotic transformations of alkyl halides in iron reducing environments.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Biotic and abiotic transformations of alkyl halides in iron reducing environments./
作者:	McCormick, Michael Lawrence.
面頁冊數:	281 p.
附註:	Chair: Peter Adriaens.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-02B.
標題:	Biogeochemistry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3042132
ISBN:	0493557180

Biotic and abiotic transformations of alkyl halides in iron reducing environments.
McCormick, Michael Lawrence.

Biotic and abiotic transformations of alkyl halides in iron reducing environments. - 281 p.

Chair: Peter Adriaens.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2002.

Transformations of carbon tetrachloride (CT), and other common alkyl halides, were investigated in a model iron reducing system which employed <italic>Geobacter metallireducens</italic> as a representative dissimilative iron reducing bacteria (DIRB), hydrous Fe(OH)3 (s) as an electron acceptor, and acetate as a substrate. The contributions of cell-mediated (biotic) and mineral-mediated (abiotic) reactions to CT transformation were investigated separately in resting cell suspensions of <italic>G. metallireducens</italic>, or in suspensions of mineral particles recovered from spent cultures. Rates of CT transformation by <italic>G. metallireducens</italic> were described by a two-site Michaelis-Menten model. The biotic reaction products included chloroform (CF) (11–30%) and unidentified cell-bound trichlorocarbon species (70–89%). Specific labeling of membrane proteins by <super> 14</super>CT, and mutual inhibition effects observed for Fe<super>III</super>-citrate and CT, suggested that CT was transformed within the cell membranes via a co-metabolic mechanism.

ISBN: 0493557180Subjects--Topical Terms:

545717
Biogeochemistry.

Biotic and abiotic transformations of alkyl halides in iron reducing environments.
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245 1 0 $a Biotic and abiotic transformations of alkyl halides in iron reducing environments.
300 $a 281 p.
500 $a Chair: Peter Adriaens.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-02, Section: B, page: 0960.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2002.
520 $a Transformations of carbon tetrachloride (CT), and other common alkyl halides, were investigated in a model iron reducing system which employed <italic>Geobacter metallireducens</italic> as a representative dissimilative iron reducing bacteria (DIRB), hydrous Fe(OH)3 (s) as an electron acceptor, and acetate as a substrate. The contributions of cell-mediated (biotic) and mineral-mediated (abiotic) reactions to CT transformation were investigated separately in resting cell suspensions of <italic>G. metallireducens</italic>, or in suspensions of mineral particles recovered from spent cultures. Rates of CT transformation by <italic>G. metallireducens</italic> were described by a two-site Michaelis-Menten model. The biotic reaction products included chloroform (CF) (11–30%) and unidentified cell-bound trichlorocarbon species (70–89%). Specific labeling of membrane proteins by <super> 14</super>CT, and mutual inhibition effects observed for Fe<super>III</super>-citrate and CT, suggested that CT was transformed within the cell membranes via a co-metabolic mechanism.
520 $a Microscopic and crystallographic studies revealed that the biogenic minerals consisted predominantly of magnetite particles (3–20 nm diameter) with a small fraction of siderite (FeCO3) as a co-precipitate. The changes in geochemistry and mineralogy accompanying microbial reduction of Fe(OH) 3 (s) suggested that magnetite formed via a topotactic (solid-state) transformation. CT transformation by biogenic magnetite obeyed pseudo-first-order kinetics and was proportional to mineral surface area concentration. Products of the mineral-mediated (abiotic) reaction included chloroform (CF)(45–50%), carbon monoxide (CO)(37–39%) and methane (CH4)(8–10%). Trichloromethyl free-radical and dichlorocarbene intermediates were trapped during the reaction, consistent with CF formation via hydrogenolysis, and CO and CH4 formation via a carbene intermediate.
520 $a Measurements of protein and mineral surface area during growth of <italic> G. metallireducens</italic> on Fe(OH)3 indicate that the transformation of CT in the model system (cells + minerals) is due, almost entirely, to abiotic surface-mediated reactions. This conclusion was further supported by an Arrhenius study, which showed linearity for the reaction rate in whole culture up to 70°C, where most enzymes should denature. The findings suggest that reactive biogenic minerals could play a significant role in the natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents in iron reducing environments. A novel approach for remediating alkyl halides, and other groundwater contaminants, may be to enhance the formation of reactive biogenic minerals <italic>in-situ</italic>.
590 $a School code: 0127.
650 4 $a Biogeochemistry. $3 545717
650 4 $a Engineering, Environmental. $3 783782
650 4 $a Environmental Sciences. $3 676987
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791 $a Ph.D.
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