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Molecular systematics, phylogeograph...

Aleixo, Alexandre Luis.

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Molecular systematics, phylogeography, and population genetics of Xiphorhynchus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in the Amazon Basin.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Molecular systematics, phylogeography, and population genetics of Xiphorhynchus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in the Amazon Basin./
Author:	Aleixo, Alexandre Luis.
Description:	134 p.
Notes:	Directors: J. V. Remsen, Jr.; Frederick H. Sheldon.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-08B.
Subject:	Biology, Genetics. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3063041
ISBN:	0493817905

Molecular systematics, phylogeography, and population genetics of Xiphorhynchus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in the Amazon Basin.
Aleixo, Alexandre Luis.

Molecular systematics, phylogeography, and population genetics of Xiphorhynchus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in the Amazon Basin. - 134 p.

Directors: J. V. Remsen, Jr.; Frederick H. Sheldon.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College, 2002.

Among those few hypotheses amenable to falsification by phylogenetic methods concerning the diversification of the Amazonian biota, three can be singled out because of their verifiable predictions: the riverine barrier, the gradient, and the basal trichotomy hypotheses. I used phylogenetic and population genetics methods to reconstruct the diversification history of the genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus</italic> (aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in Amazonia. First, I estimated the phylogeny of the entire genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus </italic> to test a key prediction of the gradient hypothesis; secondly, I documented phylogeographies of a superspecies associated with upland forest (<italic>X. spixii/elegans</italic>) and two species linked to floodplain forest (<italic>X. kienerii</italic> and <italic>X. obsoletus</italic>) to evaluate predictions of the riverine barrier and basal trichotomy hypotheses. The phylogeny estimated for the genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus</italic> falsified an anticipated sister relationship between floodplain and upland forest species, as predicted by the gradient hypothesis. Phylogeographic and population genetics analyses of the upland forest superspecies (<italic>X. spixii/elegans</italic>), and floodplain forest species (<italic>X. kienerii</italic> and <italic>X. obsoletus</italic>) indicated that predictions of the riverine barrier hypothesis hold only for populations of the upland forest superspecies separated by rivers located on the Brazilian shield; in contrast, rivers located in western Amazonia did not represent areas of primary divergence for populations of <italic> X. spixii/elegans</italic>. As expected, populations of the floodplain forest species showed high levels of gene flow and no geographic structure throughout the entire Amazon basin, a pattern consistent with their expected capacity to overcome riverine barriers. In agreement with predictions of the basal trichotomy hypothesis, populations of the <italic>X. spixii/elegans</italic> superspecies found on the Brazilian shield were basal in the phylogeny, exhibiting some population genetics attributes typical of old populations having reached equilibrium. In contrast, populations found in western Amazonia were more recently derived and experienced a dramatic recent population expansion, probably colonizing the area from the geologically older Brazilian shield. The data presented herein supported important predictions of the basal trichotomy and riverine barrier hypotheses, indicating that they are not mutually exclusive, and may together account for the diversification of the genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus </italic> in Amazonia at different temporal and geographical scales.

ISBN: 0493817905Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017730
Biology, Genetics.

Molecular systematics, phylogeography, and population genetics of Xiphorhynchus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in the Amazon Basin.
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008 110425s2002 eng d
020 $a 0493817905
035 $a (UnM)AAI3063041
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040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Aleixo, Alexandre Luis. $3 1250791
245 1 0 $a Molecular systematics, phylogeography, and population genetics of Xiphorhynchus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in the Amazon Basin.
300 $a 134 p.
500 $a Directors: J. V. Remsen, Jr.; Frederick H. Sheldon.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-08, Section: B, page: 3612.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College, 2002.
520 $a Among those few hypotheses amenable to falsification by phylogenetic methods concerning the diversification of the Amazonian biota, three can be singled out because of their verifiable predictions: the riverine barrier, the gradient, and the basal trichotomy hypotheses. I used phylogenetic and population genetics methods to reconstruct the diversification history of the genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus</italic> (aves: Dendrocolaptidae) in Amazonia. First, I estimated the phylogeny of the entire genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus </italic> to test a key prediction of the gradient hypothesis; secondly, I documented phylogeographies of a superspecies associated with upland forest (<italic>X. spixii/elegans</italic>) and two species linked to floodplain forest (<italic>X. kienerii</italic> and <italic>X. obsoletus</italic>) to evaluate predictions of the riverine barrier and basal trichotomy hypotheses. The phylogeny estimated for the genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus</italic> falsified an anticipated sister relationship between floodplain and upland forest species, as predicted by the gradient hypothesis. Phylogeographic and population genetics analyses of the upland forest superspecies (<italic>X. spixii/elegans</italic>), and floodplain forest species (<italic>X. kienerii</italic> and <italic>X. obsoletus</italic>) indicated that predictions of the riverine barrier hypothesis hold only for populations of the upland forest superspecies separated by rivers located on the Brazilian shield; in contrast, rivers located in western Amazonia did not represent areas of primary divergence for populations of <italic> X. spixii/elegans</italic>. As expected, populations of the floodplain forest species showed high levels of gene flow and no geographic structure throughout the entire Amazon basin, a pattern consistent with their expected capacity to overcome riverine barriers. In agreement with predictions of the basal trichotomy hypothesis, populations of the <italic>X. spixii/elegans</italic> superspecies found on the Brazilian shield were basal in the phylogeny, exhibiting some population genetics attributes typical of old populations having reached equilibrium. In contrast, populations found in western Amazonia were more recently derived and experienced a dramatic recent population expansion, probably colonizing the area from the geologically older Brazilian shield. The data presented herein supported important predictions of the basal trichotomy and riverine barrier hypotheses, indicating that they are not mutually exclusive, and may together account for the diversification of the genus <italic>Xiphorhynchus </italic> in Amazonia at different temporal and geographical scales.
590 $a School code: 0107.
650 4 $a Biology, Genetics. $3 1017730
650 4 $a Biology, Zoology. $3 1018632
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710 2 0 $a Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College. $3 783779
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-08B.
790 $a 0107
790 1 0 $a Remsen, J. V., Jr., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Sheldon, Frederick H., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3063041