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Variability and intelligibility of c...

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Variability and intelligibility of clarified speech to different listener groups.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Variability and intelligibility of clarified speech to different listener groups./
作者:	Silber, Ronnie F.
面頁冊數:	120 p.
附註:	Major Professor: Paula Menyuk.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International53-04A.
標題:	Language, Linguistics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9225141

Variability and intelligibility of clarified speech to different listener groups.
Silber, Ronnie F.

Variability and intelligibility of clarified speech to different listener groups. - 120 p.

Major Professor: Paula Menyuk.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University, 1992.

Two studies examined the modifications that adult speakers make in speech to disadvantaged listeners. Previous research that has focused on speech to the deaf individuals and to young children has shown that adults clarify speech when addressing these two populations. Acoustic measurements suggest that the signal undergoes similar changes for both populations. Perceptual tests corroborate these results for the deaf population, but are nonsystematic in developmental studies. The differences in the findings for these populations and the nonsystematic results in the developmental literature may be due to methodological factors. The present experiments addressed these methodological questions. Studies of speech to hearing impaired listeners have used read, nonsense, sentences, for which speakers received explicit clarification instructions and feedback, while in the child literature, excerpts of real-time conversations were used. Therefore, linguistic samples were not precisely matched.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018079
Language, Linguistics.

Variability and intelligibility of clarified speech to different listener groups.
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100 1 $a Silber, Ronnie F. $3 1064757
245 1 0 $a Variability and intelligibility of clarified speech to different listener groups.
300 $a 120 p.
500 $a Major Professor: Paula Menyuk.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 53-04, Section: A, page: 1146.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University, 1992.
520 $a Two studies examined the modifications that adult speakers make in speech to disadvantaged listeners. Previous research that has focused on speech to the deaf individuals and to young children has shown that adults clarify speech when addressing these two populations. Acoustic measurements suggest that the signal undergoes similar changes for both populations. Perceptual tests corroborate these results for the deaf population, but are nonsystematic in developmental studies. The differences in the findings for these populations and the nonsystematic results in the developmental literature may be due to methodological factors. The present experiments addressed these methodological questions. Studies of speech to hearing impaired listeners have used read, nonsense, sentences, for which speakers received explicit clarification instructions and feedback, while in the child literature, excerpts of real-time conversations were used. Therefore, linguistic samples were not precisely matched.
520 $a In this study, experiments used various linguistic materials. Experiment 1 used a children's story; experiment 2, nonsense sentences. Four mothers read both types of material in four ways: (1) in "normal" adult speech, (2) in "babytalk," (3) under the clarification instructions used in the "hearing impaired studies" (instructed clear speech) and (4) in (spontaneous) clear speech without instruction. No extra practice or feedback was given. Sentences were presented to 40 normal hearing college students with and without simultaneous masking noise. Results were separately tabulated for content and function words, and analyzed using standard statistical tests.
520 $a The major finding in the study was individual variation in speaker intelligibility. "Real world" speakers vary in their baseline intelligibility. The four speakers also showed unique patterns of intelligibility as a function of each independent variable. Results were as follows. Nonsense sentences were less intelligible than story sentences. Function words were equal to, or more intelligible than, content words. Babytalk functioned as a clear speech style in story sentences but not nonsense sentences. One of the two clear speech styles was clearer than normal speech in adult-directed clarification. However, which style was clearer depended on interactions among the variables. The individual patterns seemed to result from interactions among demand characteristics, baseline intelligibility, materials, and differences in articulatory flexibility.
590 $a School code: 0017.
650 4 $a Language, Linguistics. $3 1018079
650 4 $a Physics, Acoustics. $3 1019086
650 4 $a Psychology, Developmental. $3 1017557
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710 2 $a Boston University. $3 1017454
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 53-04A.
790 $a 0017
790 1 0 $a Menyuk, Paula, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1992
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9225141