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X-ray diffraction-based electronic s...

State University of New York at Albany.

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X-ray diffraction-based electronic structure calculations and experimental x-ray analysis for medical and materials applications.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	X-ray diffraction-based electronic structure calculations and experimental x-ray analysis for medical and materials applications./
作者:	Mahato, Dip Narayan.
面頁冊數:	130 p.
附註:	Adviser: Carolyn MacDonald.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International70-02B.
標題:	Biophysics, Medical. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3348177
ISBN:	9781109036923

X-ray diffraction-based electronic structure calculations and experimental x-ray analysis for medical and materials applications.
Mahato, Dip Narayan.

X-ray diffraction-based electronic structure calculations and experimental x-ray analysis for medical and materials applications. - 130 p.

Adviser: Carolyn MacDonald.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Albany, 2009.

Atomic coordinates from x-ray diffraction data were used to study the nuclear quadrupole interactions and nature of molecular binding in DNA/RNA nucleobases and molecular solid BF3 systems.

ISBN: 9781109036923Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017681
Biophysics, Medical.

X-ray diffraction-based electronic structure calculations and experimental x-ray analysis for medical and materials applications.
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245 1 0 $a X-ray diffraction-based electronic structure calculations and experimental x-ray analysis for medical and materials applications.
300 $a 130 p.
500 $a Adviser: Carolyn MacDonald.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-02, Section: B, page: 1102.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Albany, 2009.
520 $a Atomic coordinates from x-ray diffraction data were used to study the nuclear quadrupole interactions and nature of molecular binding in DNA/RNA nucleobases and molecular solid BF3 systems.
520 $a This thesis includes x-ray experiments for medical and materials applications and the use of x-ray diffraction data in a first-principles study of electronic structures and hyperfine properties of chemical and biological systems.
520 $a Polycapillary focusing lenses were used to collect divergent x rays emitted from conventional x-ray tubes and redirect them to form an intense focused beam. These lenses are routinely used in microbeam x-ray fluorescence analysis. In this thesis, their potential application to powder diffraction and focused beam orthovoltage cancer therapy has been investigated.
520 $a In conventional x-ray therapy, very high energy (&sim; MeV) beams are used, partly to reduce the skin dose. For any divergent beam, the dose is necessarily highest at the entry point, and decays exponentially into the tissue. To reduce the skin dose, high energy beams, which have long absorption lengths, are employed, and rotated about the patient to enter from different angles. This necessitates large expensive specialized equipment. A focused beam could concentrate the dose within the patient. Since this is inherently skin dose sparing, lower energy photons could be employed. A primary concern in applying focused beams to therapy is whether the focus would be maintained despite Compton scattering within the tissue. To investigate this, transmission and focal spot sizes as a function of photon energy of two polycapillary focusing lenses were measured. The effects of tissue-equivalent phantoms of different thicknesses on the focal spot size were studied. Scatter fraction and depth dose were calculated.
520 $a For powder diffraction, the polycapillary optics provide clean Gaussian peaks, which result in angular resolution that is much smaller than the peak width due to the beam convergence. Powder diffraction (also called coherent scatter) without optics can also be used to distinguish between tissue types that, because they have different nanoscale structures, scatter at different angles. Measurements were performed on the development of coherent scatter imaging to provide tissue type information in mammography.
590 $a School code: 0668.
650 4 $a Biophysics, Medical. $3 1017681
650 4 $a Physics, Molecular. $3 1018648
650 4 $a Physics, Radiation. $3 1019212
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710 2 $a State University of New York at Albany. $3 769258
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 70-02B.
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790 1 0 $a MacDonald, Carolyn, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2009
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