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Essays in labor and development econ...

Princeton University.

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Essays in labor and development economics.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Essays in labor and development economics./
作者:	Doran, Kirk Bennett.
面頁冊數:	147 p.
附註:	Adviser: Henry S. Farber.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-01A.
標題:	Economics, Labor. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3299832
ISBN:	9780549446811

Essays in labor and development economics.
Doran, Kirk Bennett.

Essays in labor and development economics. - 147 p.

Adviser: Henry S. Farber.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2008.

Do employers substitute adults for children, or do they treat them as complements? Using a Mexican schooling experiment, I find that a decrease in child field work participation is accompanied by an increase in adult labor demand. This increase was not directly caused by treatment money reaching employers: there were no significant effects on food prices, hectares of land used, or harvest size. Furthermore, the wages of healthy non-treated adults living around children who stopped working also increased. This finding thus supports Basu and Van's Substitution Axiom, raising the possibilities of multiple equilibria and a welfare-improving ban on child labor.

ISBN: 9780549446811Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019135
Economics, Labor.

Essays in labor and development economics.
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100 1 $a Doran, Kirk Bennett. $3 1029892
245 1 0 $a Essays in labor and development economics.
300 $a 147 p.
500 $a Adviser: Henry S. Farber.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-01, Section: A, page: 0323.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2008.
520 $a Do employers substitute adults for children, or do they treat them as complements? Using a Mexican schooling experiment, I find that a decrease in child field work participation is accompanied by an increase in adult labor demand. This increase was not directly caused by treatment money reaching employers: there were no significant effects on food prices, hectares of land used, or harvest size. Furthermore, the wages of healthy non-treated adults living around children who stopped working also increased. This finding thus supports Basu and Van's Substitution Axiom, raising the possibilities of multiple equilibria and a welfare-improving ban on child labor.
520 $a Standard neoclassical theory says that daily consumption of goods and leisure determines daily utility; together with other realistic assumptions this implies that for most workers transitory increases in one day's income should not decrease that day's labor supply. While Farber (2005) verifies that the labor supply of taxi drivers provides no evidence against this prediction on average, I ask whether individual drivers may behave differently. Using a new panel of New York City Taxi drivers who can choose their own labor supply every day, I find that half show no significant impact of daily income on the decision of whether to stop after a given trip, but roughly half show a large and positive impact. The size of a driver's income coefficient is negatively related to the standard deviation in daily income across days.
520 $a Furthermore, the average income coefficient among the latter drivers is such that if $2 0 were dropped in their taxi before their first trip, they would end their day early with only $6 extra. Together, these results suggest that almost half of the drivers may have two non-standard features in their utility: their utility may depend on daily income as well as daily consumption, and their utility may have a kink at a particular value of income. Such reference-dependent behavior could be unrelated to income expectations, or it could be determined by them (Rabin & Koszegi 2006). The fact that these drivers neither work fewer hours nor earn the same income after an exogenous hourly wage increase suggests that their reference points increased when the fare increased, thus supporting the expectations-based theory of Rabin & Koszegi.
520 $a A growing empirical literature reports that the physically beautiful are more likely to succeed in many areas. I propose that, if this beauty premium exists, it can be fully accounted for by premiums on other dimensions of attractiveness, such as personality and grooming. Using transcripts tied to a nationally representative survey of American middle and high school students, I find that beautiful students receive higher grades, but also that this beauty premium disappears when attractiveness of personality and grooming are controlled for. Indeed, the remaining marginal effects of physical beauty include significantly lower GPAs and slower course advancement. This marginal "beauty deficit" can be explained by two factors. First, I find a negative marginal effect of beauty on academic effort. Second, I find that physical beauty is associated with much higher social relationship activity. This evidence together suggests that beautiful students may substitute towards social activities and away from academic ones, lowering their academic achievement.
590 $a School code: 0181.
650 4 $a Economics, Labor. $3 1019135
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710 2 $a Princeton University. $3 645579
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 69-01A.
790 $a 0181
790 1 0 $a Farber, Henry S., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2008
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3299832