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A source apportionment and time-seri...

New York University., Program in Environmental Health Sciences.

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A source apportionment and time-series health analysis of fine particle air pollution in New York City.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	A source apportionment and time-series health analysis of fine particle air pollution in New York City./
作者:	Lall, Ramona.
面頁冊數:	238 p.
附註:	Adviser: George D. Thurston.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-05B.
標題:	Health Sciences, Epidemiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3310544
ISBN:	9780549582434

A source apportionment and time-series health analysis of fine particle air pollution in New York City.
Lall, Ramona.

A source apportionment and time-series health analysis of fine particle air pollution in New York City. - 238 p.

Adviser: George D. Thurston.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2007.

Published time-series studies have usually used metrics of chemically non-specific particulate matter (PM) mass in their investigation of PM-related health effects. While many of these studies found associations between PM and morbidity or mortality outcomes, it is unclear whether these associations were dependent on the composition of PM, which varies depending upon the source of that PM. This thesis attempts to address this knowledge gap by conducting a time-series PM-health effects assessment that specifically investigates the role of source-apportioned PM2.5 on daily respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes among persons 65 years and older in New York City during 2001-2002. Daily fine PM composition speciation and elemental carbon measurements, conducted by New York University at a site located in Mid-town Manhattan, were analyzed in a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF-2) source apportionment model. Seven pollution "source categories" were thereby identified in this work, including: (1) transported sulfate aerosols; (2) residual oil burning (for indoor space heating); (3) traffic; (4) steel/construction activity (including the clean-up activity at the WTC site); (5) soil; (6) WTC plume episode; and, (7) winter-time road salt. Source contributions during 2001-2002 from the five common sources (i.e., excluding WTC plume episode and sporadic road salt) were then considered in a time-series analysis of source-specific PM2.5 mass and hospital admissions.

ISBN: 9780549582434Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019544
Health Sciences, Epidemiology.

A source apportionment and time-series health analysis of fine particle air pollution in New York City.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2007.
520 $a Published time-series studies have usually used metrics of chemically non-specific particulate matter (PM) mass in their investigation of PM-related health effects. While many of these studies found associations between PM and morbidity or mortality outcomes, it is unclear whether these associations were dependent on the composition of PM, which varies depending upon the source of that PM. This thesis attempts to address this knowledge gap by conducting a time-series PM-health effects assessment that specifically investigates the role of source-apportioned PM2.5 on daily respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes among persons 65 years and older in New York City during 2001-2002. Daily fine PM composition speciation and elemental carbon measurements, conducted by New York University at a site located in Mid-town Manhattan, were analyzed in a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF-2) source apportionment model. Seven pollution "source categories" were thereby identified in this work, including: (1) transported sulfate aerosols; (2) residual oil burning (for indoor space heating); (3) traffic; (4) steel/construction activity (including the clean-up activity at the WTC site); (5) soil; (6) WTC plume episode; and, (7) winter-time road salt. Source contributions during 2001-2002 from the five common sources (i.e., excluding WTC plume episode and sporadic road salt) were then considered in a time-series analysis of source-specific PM2.5 mass and hospital admissions.
520 $a PM2.5 from traffic was the most strongly and consistently associated with hospital admissions for cardiovascular outcomes. There was also some suggestion of associations by transported sulfates and steel source with respiratory outcomes. However, total PM2.5 was not found to be significantly associated with health outcomes, suggesting that fine particles from specific source categories are more direct indicators of the specific PM exposures responsible for the observed PM-health associations. Therefore, certain key source categories, and not all source categories, were associated with hospital admissions, implying that all particles are not equally harmful. These findings provide evidence of the underlying role of traffic in urban PM-health time-series studies, and support further research of specific mechanistic pathways of traffic-related pollution and cardiovascular disease. This work also implies that the PM2.5 standard based on mass alone might not be sufficiently protective of public health.
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