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Potential moral stigma: Defining, te...

Stanford University.

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Potential moral stigma: Defining, testing, and changing people's willingness to test for sexually transmitted infections.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Potential moral stigma: Defining, testing, and changing people's willingness to test for sexually transmitted infections./
作者:	Young, Sean David.
面頁冊數:	157 p.
附註:	Advisers: Benoit Monin; Lee Ross.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-05B.
標題:	Health Sciences, General. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3313691
ISBN:	9780549622789

Potential moral stigma: Defining, testing, and changing people's willingness to test for sexually transmitted infections.
Young, Sean David.

Potential moral stigma: Defining, testing, and changing people's willingness to test for sexually transmitted infections. - 157 p.

Advisers: Benoit Monin; Lee Ross.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2008.

To understand psychological barriers to prevention, detection and treatment, ten studies investigate potential moral stigma, when an individual decides whether to engage in a behavior that could lead to stigmatization. The first set of studies explores perceptions (Experiment 1a) and metaperceptions (Experiment 1b) of the morality of people known to have a sexually transmitted infection. These studies reveal that people who have contracted a sexually transmitted disease are perceived as generally immoral individuals. Experiment 2 explores whether the desire to avoid this identity leads to a biased, defensive response, such that people are less likely to test for a disease when it is stigmatized. The results from Experiment 2 reveal that this bias has real behavioral consequences leading to reduced testing rates. Experiment 3 demonstrates that potential moral stigma leads to a disjunction fallacy because adding a potential cause reduced perceived exposure, in violation of basic probability rules. Experiment 4 shows that this effect generalizes outside of the health domain into the area of computer viruses, and rules out an alternative explanation along the way. Experiment 5 finds that people are willing to pass up financial rewards and engage in time-consuming tasks (filling out lengthy questionnaires) in order to avoid testing for a stigmatized disease.

ISBN: 9780549622789Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017817
Health Sciences, General.

Potential moral stigma: Defining, testing, and changing people's willingness to test for sexually transmitted infections.
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245 1 0 $a Potential moral stigma: Defining, testing, and changing people's willingness to test for sexually transmitted infections.
300 $a 157 p.
500 $a Advisers: Benoit Monin; Lee Ross.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-05, Section: B, page: 3323.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2008.
520 $a To understand psychological barriers to prevention, detection and treatment, ten studies investigate potential moral stigma, when an individual decides whether to engage in a behavior that could lead to stigmatization. The first set of studies explores perceptions (Experiment 1a) and metaperceptions (Experiment 1b) of the morality of people known to have a sexually transmitted infection. These studies reveal that people who have contracted a sexually transmitted disease are perceived as generally immoral individuals. Experiment 2 explores whether the desire to avoid this identity leads to a biased, defensive response, such that people are less likely to test for a disease when it is stigmatized. The results from Experiment 2 reveal that this bias has real behavioral consequences leading to reduced testing rates. Experiment 3 demonstrates that potential moral stigma leads to a disjunction fallacy because adding a potential cause reduced perceived exposure, in violation of basic probability rules. Experiment 4 shows that this effect generalizes outside of the health domain into the area of computer viruses, and rules out an alternative explanation along the way. Experiment 5 finds that people are willing to pass up financial rewards and engage in time-consuming tasks (filling out lengthy questionnaires) in order to avoid testing for a stigmatized disease.
520 $a The rest of the dissertation focuses on potential interventions to reduce the negative effects of potential stigma on testing rates. Experiments 6 and 7 investigate whether the recent Center for Disease Control (CDC) proposal for opt-out, routine testing will decrease stigma and increase participation rates. Experiment 6 finds that the testing policy (opt-in versus opt-out) affects moral attributions about people who choose to test or avoid testing for a stigmatized disease. Experiment 7 provides experimental evidence that an opt-out system eliminates the harmful effects of stigma that contribute to low testing rates.
520 $a Studies 8-9 examine how a psychological cover may increase people's willingness to test for stigmatized diseases. Experiment 8 focuses on the perceived value of bundling testing for a stigmatized disease with tests for non-stigmatized diseases, and finds that bundling provides psychological cover that increases people's willingness to test for stigmatized diseases. Study 9 explores whether potential stigma generalizes to a real-world setting. This study uses 5 years of CDC data on hospital visits and suggests that people testing for HIV employ a variety of methods (such as listing reasons for visit that are unrelated to HIV and receiving additional services unrelated to HIV testing) to seek psychological cover and avoid the stigma associated with testing for the virus.
520 $a Studying potential moral stigma furthers our understanding of stigma by demonstrating that the experience of stigma can be felt long before a person is actually stigmatized. Instead, people's decisions and behaviors may be affected by the decision of whether engaging in a behavior might leave them stigmatized. The studies in this paper speak to the challenges and importance of finding ways to encourage people to engage in healthy behaviors without the fear of moral disapproval.
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