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Remote sensing of the electrodynamic...

Stanford University.

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Remote sensing of the electrodynamic coupling between thunderstorm systems and the mesophere/lower ionosphere.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Remote sensing of the electrodynamic coupling between thunderstorm systems and the mesophere/lower ionosphere./
作者:	Reising, Steven Craig.
面頁冊數:	81 p.
附註:	Adviser: Umran S. Inan.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International59-08B.
標題:	Engineering, Electronics and Electrical. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9901586
ISBN:	9780591986556

Remote sensing of the electrodynamic coupling between thunderstorm systems and the mesophere/lower ionosphere.
Reising, Steven Craig.

Remote sensing of the electrodynamic coupling between thunderstorm systems and the mesophere/lower ionosphere. - 81 p.

Adviser: Umran S. Inan.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 1998.

In the past few years, dramatic experimental evidence has emerged, showing that tropospheric lightning discharges modify the mesosphere and the lower ionosphere through heating and ionization, producing gamma-ray bursts and optical emissions known as Sprites, blue jets, and elves. These processes may have long-term effects such as increased production of mesospheric and stratospheric nitrogen oxides (NO$\rm\sb{y}$) and persistent heating of ionospheric electrons. To determine the effects of this electrodynamic coupling, the global occurrence rate of Sprites needs to be known. Since optical monitoring of Sprite occurrence on large spatial scales is not practical, a continuous proxy indicator for Sprite occurrence is needed.

ISBN: 9780591986556Subjects--Topical Terms:

626636
Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

Remote sensing of the electrodynamic coupling between thunderstorm systems and the mesophere/lower ionosphere.
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100 1 $a Reising, Steven Craig. $3 1019430
245 1 0 $a Remote sensing of the electrodynamic coupling between thunderstorm systems and the mesophere/lower ionosphere.
300 $a 81 p.
500 $a Adviser: Umran S. Inan.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 59-08, Section: B, page: 4347.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 1998.
520 $a In the past few years, dramatic experimental evidence has emerged, showing that tropospheric lightning discharges modify the mesosphere and the lower ionosphere through heating and ionization, producing gamma-ray bursts and optical emissions known as Sprites, blue jets, and elves. These processes may have long-term effects such as increased production of mesospheric and stratospheric nitrogen oxides (NO$\rm\sb{y}$) and persistent heating of ionospheric electrons. To determine the effects of this electrodynamic coupling, the global occurrence rate of Sprites needs to be known. Since optical monitoring of Sprite occurrence on large spatial scales is not practical, a continuous proxy indicator for Sprite occurrence is needed.
520 $a Sprites are intense, transient luminous events in the mesosphere and lower ionosphere above thunderstorm systems. They extend from $\sim $4 0 to $\sim $9 0 km in altitude, are primarily red in color, and develop to full brightness in a few ms. Sprites are nearly uniquely associated with a subset of positive cloud-to-ground lightning fiashes, but the peak current of each flash, measured by the National Lightning Detection Network, is not sufficient to determine the likelihood of Sprite occurrence.
520 $a In this work, remote sensing of the electrodynamic coupling between thunderstorms and the middle atmosphere is accomplished by measurement of radio atmospherics in the ELF (extremely low frequency, here 15 Hz-1.5 kHz) and VLF (very low frequency, here 1.5-22 kHz) ranges. Radio atmospherics ("sferics"), the electromagnetic signatures of each lightning discharge, propagate efficiently in the waveguide bounded by the Earth's surface and the ionosphere. Novel digital signal processing techniques allow automated detection of individual sferics and the determination of their arrival azimuth with $\pm1\sp\circ$ precision at Palmer Station, Antarctica, a source-to-receiver distance of $\sim $1 2,000 km.
520 $a Broadband measurements of sferics performed near Ft. Collins, Colorado, $\sim $5 00 km from the source lightning, demonstrate that the ELF sferic energy is a proxy indicator which can estimate the number of Sprites produced by a thunderstorm with an accuracy of $\pm $2 5%. At this range, an ELF "second pulse," radiated by electrical currents within the Sprite body, is measured simultaneous with about 20% of Sprites (Cummer et al., 1998). A quantitative relationship is established between the current in Sprites and total Sprite luminosity. Ultra-long range measurements at Palmer Station, Antarctica, show that Sprite-associated sferics have large ELF magnitudes in relation to non Sprite-associated sferics as measured at a range of -12,000 km (Reising et al., 1996). These results suggest that a few appropriately placed ELF/NLF sferics receivers may be sufficient for estimation of global Sprite occurrence rates.
590 $a School code: 0212.
650 4 $a Engineering, Electronics and Electrical. $3 626636
650 4 $a Geophysics. $3 535228
650 4 $a Physics, Atmospheric Science. $3 1019431
650 4 $a Remote Sensing. $3 1018559
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