| 紀錄類型: |
書目-電子資源
: Monograph/item
|
| 正題名/作者: |
Textbook of diabetes/ edited by Richard I. G. Holt and Allan Flyvbjerg. |
| 其他作者: |
Holt, Richard I. G. |
| 出版者: |
Hoboken, NJ :Wiley-Blackwell, : c2023., |
| 面頁冊數: |
1 online resource (xviii, 1208 p.) :ill. (chiefly col.), col. maps. |
| 內容註: |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- Part 1 Diabetes in its Historical and Social Context -- Chapter 1 The History of Diabetes Mellitus -- Ancient times -- Seventeenth and eighteenth centuries -- Nineteenth century -- Clinical diabetes in the nineteenth century -- Twentieth century -- Discovery of insulin -- The post-insulin era -- Causes and natural history of diabetes -- Chronic diabetic complications -- Physiology -- Management of diabetes -- Insulin -- Other anti-diabetes agents -- Glucose management and treatment targets -- Diabetes-related complications -- Diabetic ketoacidosis -- Diabetes in pregnancy -- Delivery of care for people with diabetes -- References -- Chapter 2 Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes -- Definition -- Diagnosis and classification of diabetes -- Methods and criteria for diagnosing diabetes -- Diagnostic thresholds -- Number of abnormal tests required -- Further considerations of method of diagnosis -- Analytical considerations -- Classification of diabetes types -- Type 1 diabetes -- Type 2 diabetes -- Other specific types -- Gestational diabetes -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 The Global Burden of Diabetes -- Prevalence -- Type 1 diabetes -- Type 2 diabetes -- Sub-Saharan Africa -- Europe -- Middle East and North Africa -- North America and Caribbean -- South and Central America -- South-East Asia -- Western Pacific -- Gestational diabetes mellitus -- Incidence of type 2 diabetes -- Trends in diabetes-related complications -- Macrovascular complications -- Lower-extremity amputations -- Microvascular complications -- End-stage renal disease -- Retinopathy -- Neuropathy -- Acute complications -- Mortality -- Emerging complications -- Cancer -- Mental health disorders -- Cognitive impairment -- Disability -- Infections. |
| 內容註: |
Economic costs of diabetes -- Socioeconomic costs of diabetes -- Gaps and future directions -- References -- Chapter 4 Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes -- Occurrence of type 1 diabetes by age, sex, place, and time -- Occurrence of type 1 diabetes by age -- Incidence by sex -- Incidence by country -- Trends in incidence over time -- Variation in incidence within countries including by ethnicity -- Seasonal variation in diagnosis of type 1 diabetes -- Familial clustering and twin studies -- Environmental risk factors for type 1 diabetes: clues from epidemiological studies -- Specific putative environmental factors -- Mortality -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 5 Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes -- Risk factors for type 2 diabetes -- Emerging risk factors -- Sugar-sweetened beverages -- Decreased sleep -- Depression and treatment of depression -- Drug-induced metabolic changes -- Environmental toxins -- Low birth weight and fetal malnutrition -- Maternal obesity, maternal hyperglycaemia, and other factors in early development -- Methodological issues in the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes -- Effects of changes in the definition of diabetes -- Emerging data on the incidence of type 2 diabetes -- Regional and ethnic patterns of type 2 diabetes worldwide -- Africa -- North America -- Central and South America -- Europe -- South-East Asia -- Middle East -- Western Pacific region -- Impact of diabetes -- Mortality and morbidity -- Healthcare burden and economic costs -- Prevention of type 2 diabetes -- Remission of type 2 diabetes -- Conclusion -- References -- Part 2 Normal Physiology -- Chapter 6 Overview of Glucose Metabolism -- Pancreatic islets of langerhans -- Insulin -- Effect on glucose metabolism -- Effect on lipid metabolism -- Effect on protein metabolism -- Glucagon -- Liver -- Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. |
| 內容註: |
Gastrointestinal tract -- Incretin hormones -- Microbiome -- Brain -- Kidney -- Other hormones involved in glucose metabolism -- Catecholamines -- Corticosteroids -- Growth hormones and insulin-like growth factor I -- References -- Chapter 7 Islet Function and Insulin Secretion -- Islet structure and function -- Islet anatomy -- Intra-islet interactions -- Insulin biosynthesis and storage -- Regulation of insulin secretion -- Nutrient-induced insulin secretion -- Regulation of insulin secretion by non-nutrients -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8 Glucagon in Islet and Metabolic Regulation -- Anatomy and development of cells -- Proglucagon gene transcription, translation, and peptide processing -- Regulation of -cell secretion -- Glucagon actions in the liver: glucose and lipid metabolism -- Glucagon actions in the liver: amino acid metabolism and the hepatic--cell axis -- Glucagon intra-islet communication and insulin secretion -- Effects of glucagon on energy intake and energy expenditure -- Production of glucagon-like peptide 1 by cells -- Abnormalities of glucagon secretion andaction in diabetes -- Pharmacology based on glucagon action -- References -- Chapter 9 Mechanism of Insulin Action -- Insulin -- Insulin receptor -- Extracellular domain of the insulin receptor -- Receptor tyrosine kinase -- Insulin signalling cascade -- IRS proteins couple the insulin receptor to the downstream signalling cascade -- Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase AKT cascade -- Insulin-regulated glucose transport -- Heterologous regulation and insulin resistance -- Transcriptional control of IRS1 -- Transcriptional control of IRS2 -- miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation -- Regulation of IRS signalling by Ser/Thr phosphorylation -- Regulation of IRS degradation -- Regulation by protein and lipid phosphatases. |
| 內容註: |
Mouse genetics reveal tissue-integrated insulin signalling -- Systemic insulin receptor signalling cascade -- Hepatic insulin receptorFOXO1 signalling -- Insulin signalling and glucose homeostasis in skeletal muscle -- Adipose insulin signalling -- IRS2 as a gateway to -cell function -- References -- Chapter 10 Central Control of Glucose Homeostasis -- Evolutionary considerations -- Overview of brain control of glucose homeostasis in normal physiology -- Autonomic control of pancreatic islet function -- Circadian control of metabolism -- How does the brain sense physiological changes in blood glucose? -- Glucose sensing and brain control of energy balance -- Glucose transporters and brain glucose uptake -- Evidence supporting indirect blood glucose sensing by the brain -- Parallels to brain control of thermoregulation -- Integration of glucose homeostasis, energy homeostasis, and thermoregulation -- Brain responses to perceived glucose deficiency -- Hypothesis: reduced brain glucose sensing predisposes to hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes -- The transition from obesity to type 2 diabetes -- Roles of insulin-dependent and -independent glucose lowering by the brain -- Clinical evidence supporting altered brain blood glucose handling in individuals with diabetes -- Targeting the brain to restore normoglycaemia -- Current and future anti-diabetes drugs that target central pathways -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Control of Body Weight: How and Why Do We Gain Weight Easier Than We Lose It? -- Body weight regulation -- Energy homeostasis: control of appetite and body weight -- Physiological regulators of body weight -- Gut hormones -- Hypothalamus and neurotransmitters -- Adipose tissue -- Intestinal microbiome -- Beyond homeostasis: hedonic pathways -- Metabolic alterations with weight gain -- Compensatory mechanisms in response to weight loss. |
| 內容註: |
Weight loss maintenance insights from bariatric surgery -- Genetic factors -- Evolutionary perspectives -- Monogenic obesity -- Polygenic susceptibility to obesity -- Epigenetic factors -- Environmental and behavioural factors -- Circadian rhythms, sleep patterns, and obesity -- The effect of dietary composition -- Medications and toxins -- Weight stigma and adverse impact on biology -- Effects of societal factors and policy -- Conclusion -- References -- Part 3 Pathogenesis of Diabetes -- Chapter 12 The Genetics of Diabetes -- Increase in diabetes prevalence -- Diabetes spectrum -- Diabetes heterogeneity -- Heritability of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes -- Genetic architecture of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes -- Genetic loci for type 1 diabetes -- Linkage studies for type 2 diabetes -- Candidate genes for type 2 diabetes -- Genome-wide association studies identify common variants associated with type 2 diabetes -- Rare variants with stronger effects are often rare -- Protective variants -- Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions -- Parent-of-origin effects -- Epigenetics -- Non-coding RNAs - MicroRNAs and LincRNAs -- Difficulties in assigning functions to associated genes -- Genotype-based treatment -- Little common genetic basis for type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes -- A holistic view: systems genetics -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13 Genetics of Obesity -- Evidence for the genetic contribution to obesity -- Finding the genes that regulate body weight -- Obesity with developmental delay -- Prader-Willi syndrome -- Albright hereditary osteodystrophy -- Ciliary disorders -- BDNF, TRKB, and SH2B1 deficiency -- Obesity without developmental delay -- Leptin and leptin receptor deficiency -- POMC and PCSK1 deficiency -- MC4R deficiency -- SIM1 deficiency -- Rare variants in multiple genes associated with obesity -- Conclusion. |
| 標題: |
Diabetes. - |
| 電子資源: |
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119697473 |
| ISBN: |
9781119697473 |