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Thermolysis of Subbituminous Coal in...

Zunaid, Shaikh Muhammad.

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Thermolysis of Subbituminous Coal in the Presence of Alcohols and Its Impact on Subsequent Solvent Extraction and Potential Conversion to Coal-based Materials.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Thermolysis of Subbituminous Coal in the Presence of Alcohols and Its Impact on Subsequent Solvent Extraction and Potential Conversion to Coal-based Materials./
作者:	Zunaid, Shaikh Muhammad.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2024,
面頁冊數:	106 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-11.
標題:	Chemical engineering. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31243804
ISBN:	9798382733104

Thermolysis of Subbituminous Coal in the Presence of Alcohols and Its Impact on Subsequent Solvent Extraction and Potential Conversion to Coal-based Materials.
Zunaid, Shaikh Muhammad.

Thermolysis of Subbituminous Coal in the Presence of Alcohols and Its Impact on Subsequent Solvent Extraction and Potential Conversion to Coal-based Materials. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024 - 106 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wyoming, 2024.

Previous work at the University of Wyoming has shown that as Wyoming's subbituminous coal has high oxygen content, solvent extract obtained under certain conditions that preserve phenolic groups already present in the coal, could without further intermediate stages be applied in the synthesis of polyurethane and epoxy coatings. As coal is relatively cheap compared to the solvent, finding a cheap solvent can make the extraction process economically viable. Therefore, we chose lower aliphatic alcohols for this study. In this work, we studied solvent extraction of coal to produce value added extract material using a two-step procedure - at first thermolysis with a solvent and then extraction with pyridine or chloroform. Any linear alcohol with 3 carbon atoms or more performed well. While methanol showed relatively low extraction efficiency (less than 50%), and the other achieved 80% or higher. The extraction efficiency was seen to be methanol < ethanol < 1-propanol < 1-butanol. Considering economic and environmental factors, 1-butanol was found to be the most attractive reactant compared to longer alcohols such as 1-dodecanol, especially on a per mol base. Further studies on 1-butanol showed that 1:1 ratio of coal and solvent, 3.5 hours of reaction at temperature from 320°C to 360°C are the optimal process condition to achieve highest yield. A comprehensive mass balance showed that only 0.36 grams of 1-butanol were consumed per gram of reaction product, including some loss, which can be considered as promising in an industrial setup. Further, the extracts and residues have a volatile matter to fixed carbon ratio roughly around 1 to 1, which is typically observed for coal and coal-based materials. 31P-NMR showed that OH groups mainly as phenolic groups in the range of 1-2 mmol/g, which need to be fully validated. We also built a semi-batch reactor to test the results and generate data which might be useful for industrial continuous process scale-up effort. This set up worked well for long-chain alcohols such as 1-decanol or 1-dodecanol but caused some challenges for 1-butanol.

ISBN: 9798382733104Subjects--Topical Terms:

560457
Chemical engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Subbituminous coal

Thermolysis of Subbituminous Coal in the Presence of Alcohols and Its Impact on Subsequent Solvent Extraction and Potential Conversion to Coal-based Materials.
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300 $a 106 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11.
500 $a Advisor: Bell, David.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wyoming, 2024.
520 $a Previous work at the University of Wyoming has shown that as Wyoming's subbituminous coal has high oxygen content, solvent extract obtained under certain conditions that preserve phenolic groups already present in the coal, could without further intermediate stages be applied in the synthesis of polyurethane and epoxy coatings. As coal is relatively cheap compared to the solvent, finding a cheap solvent can make the extraction process economically viable. Therefore, we chose lower aliphatic alcohols for this study. In this work, we studied solvent extraction of coal to produce value added extract material using a two-step procedure - at first thermolysis with a solvent and then extraction with pyridine or chloroform. Any linear alcohol with 3 carbon atoms or more performed well. While methanol showed relatively low extraction efficiency (less than 50%), and the other achieved 80% or higher. The extraction efficiency was seen to be methanol < ethanol < 1-propanol < 1-butanol. Considering economic and environmental factors, 1-butanol was found to be the most attractive reactant compared to longer alcohols such as 1-dodecanol, especially on a per mol base. Further studies on 1-butanol showed that 1:1 ratio of coal and solvent, 3.5 hours of reaction at temperature from 320°C to 360°C are the optimal process condition to achieve highest yield. A comprehensive mass balance showed that only 0.36 grams of 1-butanol were consumed per gram of reaction product, including some loss, which can be considered as promising in an industrial setup. Further, the extracts and residues have a volatile matter to fixed carbon ratio roughly around 1 to 1, which is typically observed for coal and coal-based materials. 31P-NMR showed that OH groups mainly as phenolic groups in the range of 1-2 mmol/g, which need to be fully validated. We also built a semi-batch reactor to test the results and generate data which might be useful for industrial continuous process scale-up effort. This set up worked well for long-chain alcohols such as 1-decanol or 1-dodecanol but caused some challenges for 1-butanol.
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650 4 $a Materials science. $3 543314
650 4 $a Organic chemistry. $3 523952
653 $a Subbituminous coal
653 $a Extraction process
653 $a Aliphatic alcohols
653 $a Phenolic groups
653 $a Solvent extraction
690 $a 0542
690 $a 0794
690 $a 0490
710 2 $a University of Wyoming. $b Chemical & Petroleum Engineering. $3 3186524
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 85-11.
790 $a 0264
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2024
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31243804