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Metabolite Transport and Its Role in...

Schroer, William Francis.

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Metabolite Transport and Its Role in Marine Microbial Interactions.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Metabolite Transport and Its Role in Marine Microbial Interactions./
Author:	Schroer, William Francis.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
Description:	147 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-07B.
Subject:	Biological oceanography. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30691727
ISBN:	9798381423006

Metabolite Transport and Its Role in Marine Microbial Interactions.
Schroer, William Francis.

Metabolite Transport and Its Role in Marine Microbial Interactions. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 147 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Georgia, 2023.

Surface ocean microbial communities are responsible for half of global net primary production and form the foundation of marine food webs. The structure and function of these marine microbial communities is shaped by a network of metabolite-mediated interactions. Monitoring microbial transcriptomic or proteomic expression are effective ways to identify the metabolites that are exchanged, the community members involved, and the nature of the interactions in question. Particularly valuable genes to monitor are transporters as they are the cell's interface with its surroundings and the mechanism for obtaining extracellular metabolites. Expression-based approaches are limited, however, by the difficulty of accurately assigning functions to many genes, particularly in environmentally relevant microorganisms. In this dissertation I use experimental and computational approaches to characterize the function of genes mediating chemical exchanges in the model marine bacterium Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3, elucidating the role of metabolites in various interactions. Using an arrayed library of R. pomeroyi knockout mutants, I experimentally characterized 13 influx transporters of environmentally important metabolites. These included the transporters of citrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate, which were among the most highly expressed genes during a dinoflagellate bloom in Monterey Bay. The characterized ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters informed a{A0}phylogeny-based approach for cognate substrate identification, finding that the ATPase component of the multi-protein transporter most accurately and consistently identifies cognate substrates. This approach was applied to identify taurine transporters in global ocean metagenomes, revealing a strong signal of higher frequency in polar environments. Finally, I characterized a key gene in the biosynthesis pathway of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a phytohormone and interdomain signaling molecule. R. pomeroyi, though it lacks a complete biosynthesis pathway, can produce IAA when provided the precursor indole-3-acetamide (IAM). A two-way IAM-IAA exchange interaction occurs between R. pomeroyi and a diatom when cultured together. Interactions based on the exchange of IAM are common in nature as many environmental bacterial isolates have an incomplete IAA biosynthesis pathway similar to that of R. pomeroyi. Together these findings highlight the importance of metabolite transport and trade in microbial communities and demonstrate the value of functional gene annotation for understanding the mechanisms and ecology of microbial exchanges.

ISBN: 9798381423006Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122748
Biological oceanography.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Bacterial interactions

Metabolite Transport and Its Role in Marine Microbial Interactions.
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245 1 0 $a Metabolite Transport and Its Role in Marine Microbial Interactions.
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300 $a 147 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-07, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Moran, Mary Ann.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Georgia, 2023.
520 $a Surface ocean microbial communities are responsible for half of global net primary production and form the foundation of marine food webs. The structure and function of these marine microbial communities is shaped by a network of metabolite-mediated interactions. Monitoring microbial transcriptomic or proteomic expression are effective ways to identify the metabolites that are exchanged, the community members involved, and the nature of the interactions in question. Particularly valuable genes to monitor are transporters as they are the cell's interface with its surroundings and the mechanism for obtaining extracellular metabolites. Expression-based approaches are limited, however, by the difficulty of accurately assigning functions to many genes, particularly in environmentally relevant microorganisms. In this dissertation I use experimental and computational approaches to characterize the function of genes mediating chemical exchanges in the model marine bacterium Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3, elucidating the role of metabolites in various interactions. Using an arrayed library of R. pomeroyi knockout mutants, I experimentally characterized 13 influx transporters of environmentally important metabolites. These included the transporters of citrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate, which were among the most highly expressed genes during a dinoflagellate bloom in Monterey Bay. The characterized ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters informed a{A0}phylogeny-based approach for cognate substrate identification, finding that the ATPase component of the multi-protein transporter most accurately and consistently identifies cognate substrates. This approach was applied to identify taurine transporters in global ocean metagenomes, revealing a strong signal of higher frequency in polar environments. Finally, I characterized a key gene in the biosynthesis pathway of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a phytohormone and interdomain signaling molecule. R. pomeroyi, though it lacks a complete biosynthesis pathway, can produce IAA when provided the precursor indole-3-acetamide (IAM). A two-way IAM-IAA exchange interaction occurs between R. pomeroyi and a diatom when cultured together. Interactions based on the exchange of IAM are common in nature as many environmental bacterial isolates have an incomplete IAA biosynthesis pathway similar to that of R. pomeroyi. Together these findings highlight the importance of metabolite transport and trade in microbial communities and demonstrate the value of functional gene annotation for understanding the mechanisms and ecology of microbial exchanges.
590 $a School code: 0077.
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650 4 $a Microbiology. $3 536250
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
653 $a Bacterial interactions
653 $a Indole acetic acid
653 $a Marine bacteria
653 $a Metabolites
653 $a Microbial ecology
653 $a Transport proteins
690 $a 0416
690 $a 0410
690 $a 0329
710 2 $a University of Georgia. $b Marine Sciences - PHD. $3 3773032
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 85-07B.
790 $a 0077
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2023
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30691727