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Mechanics of flapping fin locomotion...

Heine, Carlton E.

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Mechanics of flapping fin locomotion in the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatidae).

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Mechanics of flapping fin locomotion in the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatidae)./
Author:	Heine, Carlton E.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 1992,
Description:	130 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International54-06B.
Subject:	Zoology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9237863
ISBN:	9798207621203

Mechanics of flapping fin locomotion in the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatidae).
Heine, Carlton E.

Mechanics of flapping fin locomotion in the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatidae). - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 1992 - 130 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 1992.

Myliobatoid rays swim by flapping their large pectoral fins dorsoventrally. The motion of the fins is a predominantly flat heaving pattern with the chord remaining nearly perpendicular to the fin's motion. This type of ray swimming has been compared to bird flight, although no quantitative studies have been published on the kinematics or mechanics of swimming in these rays. In this thesis I document the kinematics, and present a hypothesis for the mechanics of this large-amplitude, flapping type of ray locomotion. Two species, Rhinoptera bonasus and Myliobatis freminvillei, were video-taped swimming in place against a current, and through still water, over a range of swimming speeds from 0.3 to 0.9 m s$\\sp{-1}.$ From the video tapes, the frequency, amplitude, and twist of the fin, and angle of the body were measured over time. Pectoral fin-beat frequencies were clustered around 1 Hz and were not correlated with swimming speed. The amplitude of the fin-tip motion was between 0.6 and 0.9 times the half wing span and also was not correlated with swimming speed. The only variable strongly correlated with swimming speed was the maximum speed of the wing tip on the upstroke. These kinematic data were used to calculate the angle of attack of a flapping pectoral fin. A ray was cast in rigid urethane foam, and this model was cut into spanwise sections. The force on each section was measured in a wind tunnel, and the lift and drag coefficients were calculated. The force produced by a flapping ray wing was calculated from these coefficients using the quasi-steady assumption. The calculated force shows no net forward component; instead the resultant force points vertically, oscillating up and down. These results suggest that thrust is not produced by the flapping fins of these neutrally-buoyant animals. My hypothesis is that this unbalanced vertical force pushes on the broad, pitching, airfoil-shaped body, causing the animal to glide forward. Using unsteady wing theory the thrust produced by the oscillating body was calculated to be approximately 1 N. Attempts to test the pitching body hypothesis experimentally have proved supportive, yet not conclusive.

ISBN: 9798207621203Subjects--Topical Terms:

518878
Zoology.

Mechanics of flapping fin locomotion in the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatidae).
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100 1 $a Heine, Carlton E. $3 3772343
245 1 0 $a Mechanics of flapping fin locomotion in the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatidae).
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 1992
300 $a 130 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Vogel, Steven.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 1992.
520 $a Myliobatoid rays swim by flapping their large pectoral fins dorsoventrally. The motion of the fins is a predominantly flat heaving pattern with the chord remaining nearly perpendicular to the fin's motion. This type of ray swimming has been compared to bird flight, although no quantitative studies have been published on the kinematics or mechanics of swimming in these rays. In this thesis I document the kinematics, and present a hypothesis for the mechanics of this large-amplitude, flapping type of ray locomotion. Two species, Rhinoptera bonasus and Myliobatis freminvillei, were video-taped swimming in place against a current, and through still water, over a range of swimming speeds from 0.3 to 0.9 m s$\\sp{-1}.$ From the video tapes, the frequency, amplitude, and twist of the fin, and angle of the body were measured over time. Pectoral fin-beat frequencies were clustered around 1 Hz and were not correlated with swimming speed. The amplitude of the fin-tip motion was between 0.6 and 0.9 times the half wing span and also was not correlated with swimming speed. The only variable strongly correlated with swimming speed was the maximum speed of the wing tip on the upstroke. These kinematic data were used to calculate the angle of attack of a flapping pectoral fin. A ray was cast in rigid urethane foam, and this model was cut into spanwise sections. The force on each section was measured in a wind tunnel, and the lift and drag coefficients were calculated. The force produced by a flapping ray wing was calculated from these coefficients using the quasi-steady assumption. The calculated force shows no net forward component; instead the resultant force points vertically, oscillating up and down. These results suggest that thrust is not produced by the flapping fins of these neutrally-buoyant animals. My hypothesis is that this unbalanced vertical force pushes on the broad, pitching, airfoil-shaped body, causing the animal to glide forward. Using unsteady wing theory the thrust produced by the oscillating body was calculated to be approximately 1 N. Attempts to test the pitching body hypothesis experimentally have proved supportive, yet not conclusive.
590 $a School code: 0066.
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710 2 $a Duke University. $3 569686
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 54-06B.
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1992
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9237863