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Investigations of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne Enterolobii in North Carolina: Hosts and Resistance, Management, and Pathogen Interactions.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Investigations of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne Enterolobii in North Carolina: Hosts and Resistance, Management, and Pathogen Interactions./
作者:	Schwarz, Tanner.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
面頁冊數:	184 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-05B.
標題:	Infections. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30673723
ISBN:	9798380712446

Investigations of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne Enterolobii in North Carolina: Hosts and Resistance, Management, and Pathogen Interactions.
Schwarz, Tanner.

Investigations of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne Enterolobii in North Carolina: Hosts and Resistance, Management, and Pathogen Interactions. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 184 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2023.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Meloidogyne enterolobii is a devastating and highly impactful species of root-knot nematode (RKN). Its ability to infect a broad range of host plants and overcome RKN resistance genes has threatened crop production. Despite its characterization in 1983, there are knowledge gaps about biology, plant resistant genotypes, and pathogen interactions of M. enterolobii. Meloidogyne enterolobii is considered highly aggressive, causing more severe symptomology than other RKN species, although factors contributing to the aggression are relatively unknown. The proportion of eggs that successfully hatch into second-stage juveniles were evaluated among three RKN species, M. enterolobii, M. hapla, and M. incognita race 4 within in vitro laboratory experiments. It was found that M. enterolobii had a significantly greater proportion of hatched eggs compared to the other two species, while M. incognita had the lowest proportion. Based on these data, it is hypothesized that M. enterolobii may possess a biological advantage of significantly increased egg hatching when compared to M. incognita and M. hapla, potentially leading to the reported aggressiveness and severity of symptoms observed of M. enterolobii.Nematode-resistant plant genotypes are an effective, environmentally sustainable, and cost-efficient tool for managing disease, yet M. enterolobii is capable of infecting currently deployed sweetpotato and soybean genotypes. Therefore, new sources of resistance are needed. Potential resistance to M. enterolobii was evaluated in 51 diverse sweetpotato genotypes, 72 Glycine soja and 44 Glycine max soybean genotypes in greenhouse bioassay experiments. Twelve sweetpotato genotypes and five G. soja soybean genotypes were identified as resistant, while none of the G. max genotypes were resistant. These results add to the knowledge of host status and potential natural resistance to M. enterolobiiin sweetpotato and soybean to improve management and aid plant breeding efforts.Weeds that compete with crops can host RKN, acting as a source of nematode inoculum in a field and further damaging crops. The host status of ten weed species commonly found in North Carolina was determined to the RKN species M. enterolobii and M. incognitarace 4 in a greenhouse bioassay. Differential host status of the weeds to these RKN species were documented. These results highlight the necessity of managing RKN through controlling weeds in order to protect crops.Virulent isolates of RKN have been reported to overcome plant resistance through either naturally occurring populations or selection due to continuous exposure to a resistance gene. Yet it is unknown if this selection for virulence may occur among M. enterolobii populations. Phenotypically distinct isolates of M. enterolobii that reproduce on sweetpotato cultivars previously regarded as resistant were characterized at three time points across diverse sweetpotato germplasm. Isolates of M. enterolobiithat were previously passed through certain resistant sweetpotato genotypes developed into 'break isolates', causing infection and root galling. This study aids to better understand host-nematode interactions and begin assessing risk of resistance breaking strains in the field.

ISBN: 9798380712446Subjects--Topical Terms:

1621997
Infections.

Investigations of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne Enterolobii in North Carolina: Hosts and Resistance, Management, and Pathogen Interactions.
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520 $a Meloidogyne enterolobii is a devastating and highly impactful species of root-knot nematode (RKN). Its ability to infect a broad range of host plants and overcome RKN resistance genes has threatened crop production. Despite its characterization in 1983, there are knowledge gaps about biology, plant resistant genotypes, and pathogen interactions of M. enterolobii. Meloidogyne enterolobii is considered highly aggressive, causing more severe symptomology than other RKN species, although factors contributing to the aggression are relatively unknown. The proportion of eggs that successfully hatch into second-stage juveniles were evaluated among three RKN species, M. enterolobii, M. hapla, and M. incognita race 4 within in vitro laboratory experiments. It was found that M. enterolobii had a significantly greater proportion of hatched eggs compared to the other two species, while M. incognita had the lowest proportion. Based on these data, it is hypothesized that M. enterolobii may possess a biological advantage of significantly increased egg hatching when compared to M. incognita and M. hapla, potentially leading to the reported aggressiveness and severity of symptoms observed of M. enterolobii.Nematode-resistant plant genotypes are an effective, environmentally sustainable, and cost-efficient tool for managing disease, yet M. enterolobii is capable of infecting currently deployed sweetpotato and soybean genotypes. Therefore, new sources of resistance are needed. Potential resistance to M. enterolobii was evaluated in 51 diverse sweetpotato genotypes, 72 Glycine soja and 44 Glycine max soybean genotypes in greenhouse bioassay experiments. Twelve sweetpotato genotypes and five G. soja soybean genotypes were identified as resistant, while none of the G. max genotypes were resistant. These results add to the knowledge of host status and potential natural resistance to M. enterolobiiin sweetpotato and soybean to improve management and aid plant breeding efforts.Weeds that compete with crops can host RKN, acting as a source of nematode inoculum in a field and further damaging crops. The host status of ten weed species commonly found in North Carolina was determined to the RKN species M. enterolobii and M. incognitarace 4 in a greenhouse bioassay. Differential host status of the weeds to these RKN species were documented. These results highlight the necessity of managing RKN through controlling weeds in order to protect crops.Virulent isolates of RKN have been reported to overcome plant resistance through either naturally occurring populations or selection due to continuous exposure to a resistance gene. Yet it is unknown if this selection for virulence may occur among M. enterolobii populations. Phenotypically distinct isolates of M. enterolobii that reproduce on sweetpotato cultivars previously regarded as resistant were characterized at three time points across diverse sweetpotato germplasm. Isolates of M. enterolobiithat were previously passed through certain resistant sweetpotato genotypes developed into 'break isolates', causing infection and root galling. This study aids to better understand host-nematode interactions and begin assessing risk of resistance breaking strains in the field.
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