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Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus...

Soula, Marisol.

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Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus: A Look at Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Invasive Treatments.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus: A Look at Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Invasive Treatments./
作者:	Soula, Marisol.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
面頁冊數:	164 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-01B.
標題:	Neurosciences. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30314572
ISBN:	9798379776923

Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus: A Look at Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Invasive Treatments.
Soula, Marisol.

Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus: A Look at Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Invasive Treatments. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 164 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2023.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Interregional communication is pivotal for cognitive behaviors and relies on brain state and neuronal ensembles supported by an anatomical scaffold. I explored how the neurodegenerating brain perturbs these properties, its electrophysiological and behavioral impairments, and examined the possibility of a non-invasive method for restoring neuronal coordination.There is a demand for non-invasive methods to ameliorate disease, especially chronic impairments, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, 40-Hz flickering light stimulation was recommended for slowing or reversing the deposition of amyloid-β in AD via entraining native gamma oscillations. Therefore, in the first part of my dissertation work, I attempted to replicate these claims by using multisite silicon probe recording in the visual cortex, entorhinal cortex, and the hippocampus of APP/PS1 and 5xFAD AD mouse models and found that 40-Hz flickering simulation did not engage native gamma oscillations in these regions. Additionally, spike responses in the hippocampus were weak, suggesting 40-Hz light does not effectively entrain deep structures. Mice avoided 40-Hz flickering light, associated with elevated cholinergic activity in the hippocampus. We found no reliable changes in plaque count or microglia morphology by either immunohistochemistry or in vivo two-photon imaging following 40-Hz stimulation, and no reduced levels of amyloid-β 40/42. We concluded that visual flicker stimulation may not be a viable mechanism for modulating activity in deep structures.Through the course of electrophysiological recordings from AD mice, I noted transient abnormal electrophysiological events, known as interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs). IEDs are commonly observed in epilepsy patients and are also present in other neurological diseases, including AD. Since IEDs in epilepsy patients and animal models have been shown to impair cognition, it is important to understand the impact of IEDs on the hippocampal circuit and to clarify to what extent these abnormal physiological patterns contribute to memory impairment in AD. To verify the relationship between IEDs in human epileptic patients and a rodent AD model, we performed quantitative comparisons between these patterns at the cellular and network levels. Towards this goal, we compared the IEDs recorded with microwires from human epilepsy patients with hippocampal recordings from AD transgenic mice, using multi-layer silicon probes. Both the local field (LFP) features and firing patterns of pyramidal cells and interneurons were similar in mice and humans. We found that IEDs invaded the entire hippocampus, and they showed characteristic changes throughout the lifetime of the animals. IEDs were followed by suppression of both pyramidal cells and interneurons, but the magnitude of post-IED suppression was much less pronounced in old mice. IEDs also suppressed sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs), physiological patterns critical for memory consolidation, and altered their abilities to effectively replay learning-induced waking patterns during sleep. Furthermore, the incidence of IEDs was negatively correlated with daily memory performance in AD mice. Thus, our findings indicate that IEDs and their interfering effects on SPW-Rs contribute to the cognitive deficits often observed in AD rodent models and, possibly, in humans.

ISBN: 9798379776923Subjects--Topical Terms:

588700
Neurosciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Interregional communication

Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus: A Look at Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Invasive Treatments.
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