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The Duality of Causality.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Duality of Causality./
作者:	Lee, Samuel William.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (260 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-09A.
標題:	Metaphysics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28259471click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798582575573

The Duality of Causality.
Lee, Samuel William.

The Duality of Causality. - 1 online resource (260 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2021.

Includes bibliographical references

We have learned a lot about causation by inquiring into the role it plays in cognitive lives. And we have learned a lot about metaphysical grounding by taking note of how the contours of its functional roles closely match those of causation. Things have gotten to the point where the concept of ground will be introduced to the uninitiated by way of analogy with causation: grounding is like the metaphysical version of causation-causes make things happen, whereas grounds make things the case. Even the formal apparatus of causal modelling has been deployed in the service of shedding light on metaphysical grounding.In this dissertation I try to reflect a little of the illuminating light of the causation-grounding analogy back on causation. Causation and grounding, it turns out, can interact with one another in much the same way as purely causal relationships can interact with one another in structures I call chains and forks. Chains of causal relationships 'add up', as when the fall of the first domino causes the last domino to fall by way of a series of intermediate causal relationships connecting the falls of all the dominos that lay between them. And so too do the links in chains that mix causal and grounding relationships add up. Indeed, it is through this mixed adding up that the goings-on of fundamental physics manage to causally influence the macroscopic goings-on of everyday life. In addition to chains, causal relationships also enter into forking structures wherein two causally unrelated events are nonetheless correlated with one another due to their sharing a common cause. And so too can combinations of causal relationships with grounding relationships form forking structures. In these structures we again see confounded correlations between causally unrelated events, but these spurious associations are more insidious than their purely causal cousins, and much harder for our theories of causation to ferret out.I argue that these mixed causal-grounding structures have huge ramifications for our understanding of causation. They tell us that causation by low level events often depends on causation by high level events: when I feel thirsty in virtue of the occurrence of a certain highly specific neural event in my brain, for instance, and as a consequence I drink a glass of water, the rules these structures obey have it that the neural event caused me to drink because my thirst caused me to drink. They also tell us that causes are not, at their core, 'levers' by way of which we might manipulate the world, but are more fundamentally explainers by way of which we might understand the world. They tell us that causal structure should not, as a growing body of interdisciplinary research from computer science to epidemiology claims, be identified with the kind of complicated counterfactual structure that controlled experiments try to uncover. And they point the way to a new approach to understanding causation in terms of metaphysical grounding, according to which causation has a dual nature: some causal relationships are fundamental, while others are derivative, constructed in part from their fundamental counterparts by way of grounding relationships.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798582575573Subjects--Topical Terms:

517082
Metaphysics.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Causal modelIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

The Duality of Causality.
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520 $a We have learned a lot about causation by inquiring into the role it plays in cognitive lives. And we have learned a lot about metaphysical grounding by taking note of how the contours of its functional roles closely match those of causation. Things have gotten to the point where the concept of ground will be introduced to the uninitiated by way of analogy with causation: grounding is like the metaphysical version of causation-causes make things happen, whereas grounds make things the case. Even the formal apparatus of causal modelling has been deployed in the service of shedding light on metaphysical grounding.In this dissertation I try to reflect a little of the illuminating light of the causation-grounding analogy back on causation. Causation and grounding, it turns out, can interact with one another in much the same way as purely causal relationships can interact with one another in structures I call chains and forks. Chains of causal relationships 'add up', as when the fall of the first domino causes the last domino to fall by way of a series of intermediate causal relationships connecting the falls of all the dominos that lay between them. And so too do the links in chains that mix causal and grounding relationships add up. Indeed, it is through this mixed adding up that the goings-on of fundamental physics manage to causally influence the macroscopic goings-on of everyday life. In addition to chains, causal relationships also enter into forking structures wherein two causally unrelated events are nonetheless correlated with one another due to their sharing a common cause. And so too can combinations of causal relationships with grounding relationships form forking structures. In these structures we again see confounded correlations between causally unrelated events, but these spurious associations are more insidious than their purely causal cousins, and much harder for our theories of causation to ferret out.I argue that these mixed causal-grounding structures have huge ramifications for our understanding of causation. They tell us that causation by low level events often depends on causation by high level events: when I feel thirsty in virtue of the occurrence of a certain highly specific neural event in my brain, for instance, and as a consequence I drink a glass of water, the rules these structures obey have it that the neural event caused me to drink because my thirst caused me to drink. They also tell us that causes are not, at their core, 'levers' by way of which we might manipulate the world, but are more fundamentally explainers by way of which we might understand the world. They tell us that causal structure should not, as a growing body of interdisciplinary research from computer science to epidemiology claims, be identified with the kind of complicated counterfactual structure that controlled experiments try to uncover. And they point the way to a new approach to understanding causation in terms of metaphysical grounding, according to which causation has a dual nature: some causal relationships are fundamental, while others are derivative, constructed in part from their fundamental counterparts by way of grounding relationships.
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538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
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653 $a Causation
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653 $a Interventionism
653 $a Metaphysical grounding
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