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Exploring the comparative cost -effectiveness of economic incentive and command -and -control instruments, and of renewable energy technologies in PM10 emission control : = A case study of Lima-Callao, Peru.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Exploring the comparative cost -effectiveness of economic incentive and command -and -control instruments, and of renewable energy technologies in PM10 emission control :/
其他題名:	A case study of Lima-Callao, Peru.
作者:	Kroeger, Timm.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (324 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 65-06, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International65-06B.
標題:	Environmental science. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3099388click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780496469802

Exploring the comparative cost -effectiveness of economic incentive and command -and -control instruments, and of renewable energy technologies in PM10 emission control : = A case study of Lima-Callao, Peru.
Kroeger, Timm.

Exploring the comparative cost -effectiveness of economic incentive and command -and -control instruments, and of renewable energy technologies in PM10 emission control :A case study of Lima-Callao, Peru. - 1 online resource (324 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 65-06, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 2003.

Includes bibliographical references

Much economic literature expounds the superior cost-effectiveness of economic incentive (EI) policies over command-and-control (CAC) ones, based on appealing theoretical arguments. However, one of the assumptions underlying much of this literature is that monitoring and enforcement (M&E) of policies are not only feasible, but essentially costless. In reality, M&E are never costless and sometimes infeasible, and, crucially, M&E requirements vary across policy types. Furthermore, in technical economic terms, cost-effectiveness is defined with respect to variable costs only; however, in choosing among policies, the objective generally is to identify that with the lowest total (variable plus fixed) cost per unit abatement, which in its own right may be termed cost-effective. The neglect of M&E and of fixed costs throws up the question of the validity of much of the policy advice that draws on the environmental economics literature for developing countries, where the institutional capacity for effective M&E often is strongly limited, and where creating this capacity will require considerable infrastructure investments. The limited institutional capacity also has led to the suggestion that in developing countries, conventional environmental policies, such as input or output taxes, emission charges, or standards, may be less cost-effective than non-conventional environmental policies, such as direct public provision of electricity from renewable sources, because the M&E capacity required for the implementation of non-conventional policies is often less stringent. I test the hypotheses of superior cost-effectiveness of EI over CAC and of non-conventional over conventional environmental policy instruments. The samples of pollution control policies used to test the hypotheses are drawn from a list of frequently recommended urban air pollution abatement measures for developing countries, plus two renewable energy sources. Both sets of environmental policy types are compared under the explicit inclusion of the M&E costs, in a developing-country context. I find that there is no substantial difference in the average cost-effectiveness of policy instruments, neither between EI and CAC, nor between conventional and non-conventional . This finding, however, is sensitive to locality-specific factors, which underlines the decisive importance of the context, and the danger of making policy on broad-based presumptions instead of careful analysis of the specific situation.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780496469802Subjects--Topical Terms:

677245
Environmental science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Command-and-controlIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Exploring the comparative cost -effectiveness of economic incentive and command -and -control instruments, and of renewable energy technologies in PM10 emission control : = A case study of Lima-Callao, Peru.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 2003.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Much economic literature expounds the superior cost-effectiveness of economic incentive (EI) policies over command-and-control (CAC) ones, based on appealing theoretical arguments. However, one of the assumptions underlying much of this literature is that monitoring and enforcement (M&E) of policies are not only feasible, but essentially costless. In reality, M&E are never costless and sometimes infeasible, and, crucially, M&E requirements vary across policy types. Furthermore, in technical economic terms, cost-effectiveness is defined with respect to variable costs only; however, in choosing among policies, the objective generally is to identify that with the lowest total (variable plus fixed) cost per unit abatement, which in its own right may be termed cost-effective. The neglect of M&E and of fixed costs throws up the question of the validity of much of the policy advice that draws on the environmental economics literature for developing countries, where the institutional capacity for effective M&E often is strongly limited, and where creating this capacity will require considerable infrastructure investments. The limited institutional capacity also has led to the suggestion that in developing countries, conventional environmental policies, such as input or output taxes, emission charges, or standards, may be less cost-effective than non-conventional environmental policies, such as direct public provision of electricity from renewable sources, because the M&E capacity required for the implementation of non-conventional policies is often less stringent. I test the hypotheses of superior cost-effectiveness of EI over CAC and of non-conventional over conventional environmental policy instruments. The samples of pollution control policies used to test the hypotheses are drawn from a list of frequently recommended urban air pollution abatement measures for developing countries, plus two renewable energy sources. Both sets of environmental policy types are compared under the explicit inclusion of the M&E costs, in a developing-country context. I find that there is no substantial difference in the average cost-effectiveness of policy instruments, neither between EI and CAC, nor between conventional and non-conventional . This finding, however, is sensitive to locality-specific factors, which underlines the decisive importance of the context, and the danger of making policy on broad-based presumptions instead of careful analysis of the specific situation.
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