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Autocratic Rule in the Middle East : = How Trade Routes and Oil Undermined Representative Institutions.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Autocratic Rule in the Middle East :/
其他題名:	How Trade Routes and Oil Undermined Representative Institutions.
作者:	Atallah, Sami.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (267 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-01A.
標題:	Political science. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29170350click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798837544606

Autocratic Rule in the Middle East : = How Trade Routes and Oil Undermined Representative Institutions.
Atallah, Sami.

Autocratic Rule in the Middle East :How Trade Routes and Oil Undermined Representative Institutions. - 1 online resource (267 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Most of the literature on the Middle East attributes autocratic rule in the region to Islam, oil, and conflict. Taking a historical approach, this dissertation examines how local conditions interacted with geostrategic interests (trade and communication routes to India) and commodities (oil) to determine the nature of political regimes in the Middle East. More specifically, this dissertation examines how colonial powers - Britain and to lesser extent France - and the US, while seeking their geostrategic interests, tilted the balance of power between ruler(s) and opposition groups in Middle Eastern countries in favor of compliant rulers and hence strengthened autocratic rule. This research addresses three main questions: Given the importance of India to Britain in the 19th and mid-20th century, how have trade and communication routes impacted political institutions in the Middle East? Looking at the Gulf countries, how have geostrategic factors interacted with local conditions - bargaining power of opposition groups - to produce a representative institution in Kuwait? How did oil (and the anticipation of finding it), which became a global geostrategic commodity in 1913, foster autocratic rule in oil-producing states? This dissertation uses a mixed method approach to answer these questions. It primarily employs empirical assessment to establish statistical correlation between key variables of interests. It uses historical evidence as a causal mechanism to support the relationship between key variables. It relies on a comparative approach to infer changes across cases. In other words, this dissertation attempts to leverage different research methods to answer the three primary research questions. This dissertation makes three arguments: One, countries on the historical trade routes between England and India are more likely to be autocratic than non-trade route countries. Britain was more willing to interfere in their politics and alter the balance of power so it could secure safe access to India. Two, according to this logic, one can understand why Kuwait, an oil-rich country, had to establish a representative institution which has remained in place, albeit intermittently, since 1938. Located farther north and away from British influence, its emir was left alone to concede power to merchants and establish a national assembly. Three, on account of its geostrategic nature, oil fosters autocratic rule not through its revenues but through colonial interest in strengthening and even establishing autocratic rule in oil-producing states to access oil fields. In some cases, autocratic rule was consolidated in anticipation of discovering oil.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798837544606Subjects--Topical Terms:

528916
Political science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

ColonialismIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Autocratic Rule in the Middle East : = How Trade Routes and Oil Undermined Representative Institutions.
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