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Concentrated Graphite Ore Purification by Leaching with Phosphorous Chemistry, and Process Optimization Using Design of Experiments (DoE).

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Concentrated Graphite Ore Purification by Leaching with Phosphorous Chemistry, and Process Optimization Using Design of Experiments (DoE)./
作者:	Oh, Hak Jun.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (151 pages)
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International84-10.
標題:	Crystal structure. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30347046click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798377672876

Concentrated Graphite Ore Purification by Leaching with Phosphorous Chemistry, and Process Optimization Using Design of Experiments (DoE).
Oh, Hak Jun.

Concentrated Graphite Ore Purification by Leaching with Phosphorous Chemistry, and Process Optimization Using Design of Experiments (DoE). - 1 online resource (151 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10.

Thesis (M.S.)--McGill University (Canada), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Graphite is a common anode material for electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries (EV LIBs). Among the types of graphite, flake graphite is a suitable feedstock for EV LIB anode production due to its abundant reserves and high graphitization degree. EV LIB production requires eleven times the mass of graphite than lithium, and high purity flake graphite is required for anode production. Raw flake graphite can be concentrated by flotation up to 95%, but further removal of impurities, such as iron sulphide and silicate, by thermal and/or chemical-processing is required for electrical applications.Phosphoric acid is an unconventional lixiviant, as hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid are more common graphite impurity leaching agents. Design of experiment was applied to evaluate and optimize atmospheric pressure leaching with phosphoric acid ([1 - 5] M), condensed sodium phosphate ([0 - 250] g NaPO3/L), leaching times ([60 - 300] min), liquid to solid ratios ([3:1 - 7:1] mL:g), and temperatures ([RT - 100] °C), as well as the interaction between the factors, on impurity removal efficiency.The impurity leaching efficiency was evaluated with X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES) was used to measure dissolved silicate as silicon, aluminum, potassium, calcium, and iron in the pregnant leach solutions. Kaolinite, muscovite, and illite were identified as major aluminosilicate impurities. Dissolution mechanisms for natural kaolinite were studied with nuclear magnetic resonance. Kaolinite dissolution is proposed to be a combination of ligand exchange between protonated hydroxyl groups associated with aluminum and phosphorus compounds. Aluminum dissolves via chelation by phosphorus compounds and silicates dissolve via proton-assisted dissolution. Using two different leaching steps that targeted aluminum, then silicon, dissolution at 100 °C leached 100% Fe after the first leaching stage, and a total of 85 ± 5.5% Al %, and 38 ± 14% Si after both stages.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798377672876Subjects--Topical Terms:

3561040
Crystal structure.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Concentrated Graphite Ore Purification by Leaching with Phosphorous Chemistry, and Process Optimization Using Design of Experiments (DoE).
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245 1 0 $a Concentrated Graphite Ore Purification by Leaching with Phosphorous Chemistry, and Process Optimization Using Design of Experiments (DoE).
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300 $a 1 online resource (151 pages)
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500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10.
500 $a Advisor: Omelon, Sidney; Waters, Kristian.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--McGill University (Canada), 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Graphite is a common anode material for electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries (EV LIBs). Among the types of graphite, flake graphite is a suitable feedstock for EV LIB anode production due to its abundant reserves and high graphitization degree. EV LIB production requires eleven times the mass of graphite than lithium, and high purity flake graphite is required for anode production. Raw flake graphite can be concentrated by flotation up to 95%, but further removal of impurities, such as iron sulphide and silicate, by thermal and/or chemical-processing is required for electrical applications.Phosphoric acid is an unconventional lixiviant, as hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid are more common graphite impurity leaching agents. Design of experiment was applied to evaluate and optimize atmospheric pressure leaching with phosphoric acid ([1 - 5] M), condensed sodium phosphate ([0 - 250] g NaPO3/L), leaching times ([60 - 300] min), liquid to solid ratios ([3:1 - 7:1] mL:g), and temperatures ([RT - 100] °C), as well as the interaction between the factors, on impurity removal efficiency.The impurity leaching efficiency was evaluated with X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES) was used to measure dissolved silicate as silicon, aluminum, potassium, calcium, and iron in the pregnant leach solutions. Kaolinite, muscovite, and illite were identified as major aluminosilicate impurities. Dissolution mechanisms for natural kaolinite were studied with nuclear magnetic resonance. Kaolinite dissolution is proposed to be a combination of ligand exchange between protonated hydroxyl groups associated with aluminum and phosphorus compounds. Aluminum dissolves via chelation by phosphorus compounds and silicates dissolve via proton-assisted dissolution. Using two different leaching steps that targeted aluminum, then silicon, dissolution at 100 °C leached 100% Fe after the first leaching stage, and a total of 85 ± 5.5% Al %, and 38 ± 14% Si after both stages.
520 $a Le graphite est un materiau d'anode courant pour les batteries lithium-ion des vehicules electriques (BLI VE). Parmi les types de graphite, le graphite en flocons est une matiere premiere appropriee pour la production d'anodes BLI VE en raison de ses reserves abondantes et de son degre de graphitisation eleve. La production de BLI VE necessite 11 fois plus de graphite que le lithium, et du graphite en flocons de haute purete est necessaire pour la production d'anodes. Le graphite en flocons brut peut etre concentre par flottation jusqu'a 95 %, mais une elimination supplementaire des impuretes, telles que le sulfure de fer et le silicate, par thermo/hydrotraitement est necessaire pour les applications electriques.L'acide phosphorique est un lixiviant non conventionnel, car l'acide fluorhydrique, l'acide sulfurique et l'acide chlorhydrique sont des agents de lixiviation des impuretes de graphite plus courants. La conception de l'experience (Design of Experiments, DOE) a ete appliquee pour evaluer et optimiser l'effet des concentrations d'acide phosphorique ([1 - 5] M), phosphate condense ([0 - 250] g NaPO3/L), du temps de lixiviation ([60 - 300] min), du rapport liquide sur solide ([3:1 - 7:1] mL:g), et de la temperature ([RT - 100] °C), ainsi que de l'interaction entre les facteurs, sur l'efficacite d'elimination des impuretes.L'efficacite de la lixiviation des impuretes a ete evaluee par diffraction des rayons X (XRD), spectroscopie a dispersion d'energie (EDS) et microscopie electronique a balayage (SEM). La spectroscopie d'emission atomique a plasma micro-ondes (MP-AES) a ete utilisee pour mesurer le silicate dissous sous forme de silicium, d'aluminium, de potassium, de calcium et de fer dans les solutions de lixiviation. La kaolinite, la muscovite et l'illite ont ete identifiees comme les principales impuretes d'aluminosilicate. Les mecanismes de dissolution de la kaolinite naturelle ont ete etudies par resonance magnetique nucleaire. La dissolution de la kaolinite est proposee comme etant une combinaison d'echange de ligands entre les groupes hydroxyles protones associes aux composes d'aluminium et les composes de phosphore. L'aluminium se dissout par chelation par des composes phosphores et les silicates se dissolvent par dissolution assistee par protons. En utilisant deux etapes de lixiviation differentes ciblant l'aluminium, puis le silicium, la dissolution a 100 ° C a lixivie 100% Fe apres la premiere etape de lixiviation, et un total de 85 ± 5,5% Al% et 38 ± 14% Si apres les deux etapes.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Crystal structure. $3 3561040
650 4 $a Minerals. $3 542841
650 4 $a Graphite. $3 651851
650 4 $a Temperature effects. $3 3560297
650 4 $a Sodium. $3 3562677
650 4 $a Carbon. $3 604057
650 4 $a Sulfuric acid. $3 1641667
650 4 $a Aluminum. $3 735071
650 4 $a Energy storage. $3 652130
650 4 $a Metamorphism. $3 3566240
650 4 $a Graphene. $3 1569149
650 4 $a Lithium. $3 1638490
650 4 $a Atoms & subatomic particles. $3 3560412
650 4 $a Scanning electron microscopy. $3 551366
650 4 $a Analytical chemistry. $3 3168300
650 4 $a Atomic physics. $3 3173870
650 4 $a Chemistry. $3 516420
650 4 $a Energy. $3 876794
650 4 $a Mineralogy. $3 516743
650 4 $a Petrology. $3 535210
650 4 $a Physics. $3 516296
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
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690 $a 0485
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710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a McGill University (Canada). $3 1018122
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 84-10.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30347046 $z click for full text (PQDT)