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Prenatal Environmental Exposures and Fetal Growth in the Madres Cohort.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Prenatal Environmental Exposures and Fetal Growth in the Madres Cohort./
Author:	Peterson, Alicia K.
Description:	1 online resource (199 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-03B.
Subject:	Epidemiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29258301click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798841741572

Prenatal Environmental Exposures and Fetal Growth in the Madres Cohort.
Peterson, Alicia K.

Prenatal Environmental Exposures and Fetal Growth in the Madres Cohort. - 1 online resource (199 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Southern California, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

The gestational period of the life course is a particularly susceptible period to the effects of environmental exposures. Such exposures can negatively impact fetal development during pregnancy and lead to increased disease morbidity in later childhood and adulthood. Studies have documented that exposure to chemical contaminants differs by racial and ethnic groups, as does the likelihood of having an infant be born with low birthweight (< 2,500 grams). Additionally, populations facing health disparities tend to live in communities that house multiple sources of pollution due to a variety of factors such as the proximity to major traffic sources and industrial facilities. Beyond higher exposure levels, these communities may be more vulnerable to health effects from these pollutants due to the compounded challenge of structural inequities related to healthcare access, economic disadvantage, and social stressors. This dissertation investigates the influence of two environmental exposures possibly experienced during pregnancy and their impacts on measures of fetal growth within the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) pregnancy cohort-a cohort of predominately low-income Hispanic participants in urban Los Angeles, California. We investigate per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measured in prenatal blood serum and the association with infant birthweight and in utero fetal growth trajectories. We demonstrate that prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is associated with fetal growth in two ways: 1) by reducing infant birthweight and 2) by impacting in utero fetal growth with reductions in head circumference and biparietal diameter over pregnancy. Notably, we provide novel evidence that the association of PFOA exposure on in utero fetal growth may be modified by maternal perceived stress experienced during pregnancy. This dissertation also examines how ambient air pollution experienced in the three months prior to conception, as well as across gestation, influences fetal growth measured in the third trimester of pregnancy within MADRES participants. This is one of the first studies to assess these associations using distributed lag modeling (DLM) techniques, which allowed critical windows of exposure to be identified with fine temporal resolution. We found that particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) during weeks four to sixteen of gestation was associated with significantly lower estimated fetal weight measured in the third trimester of pregnancy and PM2.5 exposure during weeks one to twenty-three weeks of pregnancy was associated with significantly decreased fetal abdominal circumference. Moreover, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10) exposure during weeks six to fifteen of pregnancy was associated with significantly decreased third trimester fetal abdominal circumference. Overall, we provide strong evidence that two different classes of environmental chemicals produce negative effects on fetal growth within a health disparities population. These findings have the potential to influence future policy decisions about harmful contaminants to help mitigate the future effects of exposure on fetal growth. Further research should explore mixture methods approaches for these exposures experienced concurrently and elucidate which specific components of particulate matter influence adverse fetal growth across pregnancy.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798841741572Subjects--Topical Terms:

568544
Epidemiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Ambient air pollutionIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Prenatal Environmental Exposures and Fetal Growth in the Madres Cohort.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-03, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Southern California, 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The gestational period of the life course is a particularly susceptible period to the effects of environmental exposures. Such exposures can negatively impact fetal development during pregnancy and lead to increased disease morbidity in later childhood and adulthood. Studies have documented that exposure to chemical contaminants differs by racial and ethnic groups, as does the likelihood of having an infant be born with low birthweight (< 2,500 grams). Additionally, populations facing health disparities tend to live in communities that house multiple sources of pollution due to a variety of factors such as the proximity to major traffic sources and industrial facilities. Beyond higher exposure levels, these communities may be more vulnerable to health effects from these pollutants due to the compounded challenge of structural inequities related to healthcare access, economic disadvantage, and social stressors. This dissertation investigates the influence of two environmental exposures possibly experienced during pregnancy and their impacts on measures of fetal growth within the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) pregnancy cohort-a cohort of predominately low-income Hispanic participants in urban Los Angeles, California. We investigate per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measured in prenatal blood serum and the association with infant birthweight and in utero fetal growth trajectories. We demonstrate that prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is associated with fetal growth in two ways: 1) by reducing infant birthweight and 2) by impacting in utero fetal growth with reductions in head circumference and biparietal diameter over pregnancy. Notably, we provide novel evidence that the association of PFOA exposure on in utero fetal growth may be modified by maternal perceived stress experienced during pregnancy. This dissertation also examines how ambient air pollution experienced in the three months prior to conception, as well as across gestation, influences fetal growth measured in the third trimester of pregnancy within MADRES participants. This is one of the first studies to assess these associations using distributed lag modeling (DLM) techniques, which allowed critical windows of exposure to be identified with fine temporal resolution. We found that particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) during weeks four to sixteen of gestation was associated with significantly lower estimated fetal weight measured in the third trimester of pregnancy and PM2.5 exposure during weeks one to twenty-three weeks of pregnancy was associated with significantly decreased fetal abdominal circumference. Moreover, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10) exposure during weeks six to fifteen of pregnancy was associated with significantly decreased third trimester fetal abdominal circumference. Overall, we provide strong evidence that two different classes of environmental chemicals produce negative effects on fetal growth within a health disparities population. These findings have the potential to influence future policy decisions about harmful contaminants to help mitigate the future effects of exposure on fetal growth. Further research should explore mixture methods approaches for these exposures experienced concurrently and elucidate which specific components of particulate matter influence adverse fetal growth across pregnancy.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Epidemiology. $3 568544
650 4 $a Environmental studies. $3 2122803
653 $a Ambient air pollution
653 $a Health disparities
653 $a Particulate matter
653 $a PFAS
653 $a PFOA
653 $a Pregnancy
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710 2 $a University of Southern California. $b Epidemiology. $3 1682758
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 84-03B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29258301 $z click for full text (PQDT)