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Multiphase voltage regulator modules with magnetic integration to power microprocessors.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Multiphase voltage regulator modules with magnetic integration to power microprocessors./
Author:	Xu, Peng.
Description:	1 online resource (204 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 64-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International64-01B.
Subject:	Electrical engineering. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3040292click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780493535159

Multiphase voltage regulator modules with magnetic integration to power microprocessors.
Xu, Peng.

Multiphase voltage regulator modules with magnetic integration to power microprocessors. - 1 online resource (204 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 64-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2002.

Includes bibliographical references

Advances in very large scale integration (VLSI) technologies impose challenges for voltage regulator modules (VRM) to deliver high-quality power to modern microprocessors. As an enabling technology, multiphase converters have become the standard practice in VRM industry. The primary objectives of this dissertation are to develop advanced topologies and innovative integrated magnetics for high-efficiency, high-power-density and fast-transient VRMs. The optimization of multiphase VRMs has also been addressed. Today's multiphase VRMs are almost universally based on the buck topology. With increased input voltage and decreased output voltage, the multiphase buck converter suffers from a very small duty cycle and cannot achieve a desirable efficiency. The multiphase tapped-inductor buck converter is one of the simplest topologies with a decent duty cycle. However, the leakage inductance of its tapped inductors causes a severe voltage spike problem. An improved topology, named the multiphase coupled-buck converter, is proposed. This innovative topology enables the use of a larger duty cycle with clamped device voltage and recovered leakage energy. Under the same transient responses, the multiphase coupled-buck converter has a significantly better efficiency than the multiphase buck converter. By integrating all the magnetic components into a single core, in which the windings are wound around the center leg and the air gaps are placed on the two outer legs, it is possible for multiphase VRMs to further improve efficiency and cut the size and cost. Unfortunately, this structure suffers from an undesirable core structure and huge leakage inductance. An improved integrated magnetic structure is proposed to overcome these limitations. All the windings are wound around the two outer legs and the air gap is placed on the center leg. The improved structure also features the flux ripple cancellation in the center leg and strongly reverse-coupled inductors. Both core loss and winding loss are reduced. The steady-state current ripples can be reduced without compromising the transient responses. The overall efficiency of the converter is improved. The input inductor can also be integrated in the improved integrated magnetic structure. Currently, selecting the appropriate number of channels for multiphase VRMs is still an empirical trial-and-error process. This dissertation proposes a methodology for determining the right number of channels for the optimal multiphase design. The problem formulation and general method for the optimization are proposed. Two examples are performed step by step to demonstrate the proposed optimization methodology. Both are focused on typical VRM 9.0 designs for the latest Pentium 4® microprocessors and their results are compared with the industry practice.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780493535159Subjects--Topical Terms:

649834
Electrical engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Magnetic integrationIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Multiphase voltage regulator modules with magnetic integration to power microprocessors.
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245 1 0 $a Multiphase voltage regulator modules with magnetic integration to power microprocessors.
264 0 $c 2002
300 $a 1 online resource (204 pages)
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 64-01, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Lee, Fred C.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2002.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Advances in very large scale integration (VLSI) technologies impose challenges for voltage regulator modules (VRM) to deliver high-quality power to modern microprocessors. As an enabling technology, multiphase converters have become the standard practice in VRM industry. The primary objectives of this dissertation are to develop advanced topologies and innovative integrated magnetics for high-efficiency, high-power-density and fast-transient VRMs. The optimization of multiphase VRMs has also been addressed. Today's multiphase VRMs are almost universally based on the buck topology. With increased input voltage and decreased output voltage, the multiphase buck converter suffers from a very small duty cycle and cannot achieve a desirable efficiency. The multiphase tapped-inductor buck converter is one of the simplest topologies with a decent duty cycle. However, the leakage inductance of its tapped inductors causes a severe voltage spike problem. An improved topology, named the multiphase coupled-buck converter, is proposed. This innovative topology enables the use of a larger duty cycle with clamped device voltage and recovered leakage energy. Under the same transient responses, the multiphase coupled-buck converter has a significantly better efficiency than the multiphase buck converter. By integrating all the magnetic components into a single core, in which the windings are wound around the center leg and the air gaps are placed on the two outer legs, it is possible for multiphase VRMs to further improve efficiency and cut the size and cost. Unfortunately, this structure suffers from an undesirable core structure and huge leakage inductance. An improved integrated magnetic structure is proposed to overcome these limitations. All the windings are wound around the two outer legs and the air gap is placed on the center leg. The improved structure also features the flux ripple cancellation in the center leg and strongly reverse-coupled inductors. Both core loss and winding loss are reduced. The steady-state current ripples can be reduced without compromising the transient responses. The overall efficiency of the converter is improved. The input inductor can also be integrated in the improved integrated magnetic structure. Currently, selecting the appropriate number of channels for multiphase VRMs is still an empirical trial-and-error process. This dissertation proposes a methodology for determining the right number of channels for the optimal multiphase design. The problem formulation and general method for the optimization are proposed. Two examples are performed step by step to demonstrate the proposed optimization methodology. Both are focused on typical VRM 9.0 designs for the latest Pentium 4® microprocessors and their results are compared with the industry practice.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Electrical engineering. $3 649834
653 $a Magnetic integration
653 $a Multiphase voltage regulator
653 $a Power microprocessors
653 $a Voltage regulator modules
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
690 $a 0544
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. $3 1017496
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 64-01B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3040292 $z click for full text (PQDT)