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Surface Deformation Constraints on Slow Fault Slip Behaviour During Shallow Continental Seismic Swarms.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Surface Deformation Constraints on Slow Fault Slip Behaviour During Shallow Continental Seismic Swarms./
作者:	Jiang, Yu.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (235 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-11B.
標題:	Earthquakes. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29081993click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798426879225

Surface Deformation Constraints on Slow Fault Slip Behaviour During Shallow Continental Seismic Swarms.
Jiang, Yu.

Surface Deformation Constraints on Slow Fault Slip Behaviour During Shallow Continental Seismic Swarms. - 1 online resource (235 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Liverpool (United Kingdom), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

In this thesis, we investigate the slow fault slip during continental seismic swarms and contribute to the understanding of slow fault slip by filling an identified observational gap for ruptures in the range between Mw 4 to 5.5 (Chapter 1).In the first core chapter (Chapter 2), we explore how to retrieve the fault geometry parameters from the interferometric phase observations during shallow seismic swarms. During shallow fault activity, a fault can rupture to the surface, which can cause phase discontinuities and affect the inversion. To overcome the phase unwrapping errors or surface faulting discontinuities, we propose to directly utilise the wrapped phase for geodetic inversion and develop new algorithms for data downsampling, weighting and misfit function construction. We find that this improved method has similar performance to retrieve models with respect to similar previous methods, but avoids the influence of phase unwrapping error.The chapter 3 presents a more realistic spatial distribution of fault slip based on the fault geometry retrieved with the method of Chapter 2. We utilise a new laboratoryderived crack model with finite shear stress at the crack tips and expand it to two dimensions. This new model uses few free parameters to describe the spatially variable fault slip distribution. This feature imposes an elliptical shape with asymmetric slip profile in our solutions, which acts as a different approach to regularise the geophysical inversion. The validity of this enhanced method is demonstrated by a compilation of published slip distribution models (Mw ≤ 7.5), and this indicates an elliptical crack can capture most of the fault slip distribution features, requiring lower degrees of freedom.The fourth chapter further explores the fault slip evolution in the time domain. We aim to retrieve the time-series of source parameters from non-simultaneous and temporally overlapped multi-sensor observations. To tackle numerical or numerical or noisy oscillations, we introduce a statistically optimal criterion to automatically separate signal and noise. We integrate three new features into our geodetic data modelling toolbox, and apply the toolbox to the 2011 Hawthorne seismic swarm: a) determine an optimal fault geometry, b) retrieve spatially distributed fault slip, and, finally, c) a time-dependent fault slip model. We interpret the results as consistent with the occurrence of slow slip, which nucleated and grew during the initial phase of the 2011 Hawthorne seismic swarm.The final core chapter (Chapter 5) investigates the interplay between slow slip and earthquakes during the initial phase of the seismic swarms. We remain focused on the 2011 Hawthorne seismic swarm, and examine two distinct nucleation hypotheses (cascade and preslip models). We calculate the Coulomb stress from the fault slip and connect the Coulomb stress rate to the seismicity rate under a rate-and-state frictional framework. We find that a precursory slow fault slip rupture is required to interpret the surface deformation and seismicity recorded during the initial phase of the swarm. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that some seismicity could have been triggered following a cascade pattern.We end the thesis with a summary of the main findings of the work carried out in this thesis and an outlook for future work. We show that at least during some continental seismic swarms the initial phases of the swarms are accompanied with precursory slow fault slip. The relevance of this result is that, by studying shallow continental seismic swarms using space geodesy and seismicity observations we can fill an observational gap of slow fault slip for ruptures in the range between Mw 4 to 5.5. Unfortunately, our models have yet a huge duration uncertainty, which make it difficult to estimate precisely their moment-duration relationship following M0 ∝ T 3 or M0 ∝ T. However, the uncertainties can be narrowed down taking advantage of the increase of radar satellite missions and their shortened revisit time.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798426879225Subjects--Topical Terms:

535233
Earthquakes.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Surface Deformation Constraints on Slow Fault Slip Behaviour During Shallow Continental Seismic Swarms.
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