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Zooming into Earthquake Ruptures : = From Kinematics to Dynamics.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Zooming into Earthquake Ruptures :/
其他題名:	From Kinematics to Dynamics.
作者:	Yin, Jiuxun.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (301 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-09B.
標題:	Geophysics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28964400click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798209894827

Zooming into Earthquake Ruptures : = From Kinematics to Dynamics.
Yin, Jiuxun.

Zooming into Earthquake Ruptures :From Kinematics to Dynamics. - 1 online resource (301 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Earthquakes, especially the large ones, cause huge hazards and threaten people living nearby. It is important to improve our understanding of the earthquake source process. I do so by combining seismic data, observations, and simulation of dynamic ruptures. I first made the striking observation that the megathrust earthquakes present a ubiquitous pattern of coseismic rupture with updip low-frequency radiation and downdip high-frequency radiation, based on the backprojection and spectral analysis of teleseismic P waves. I tied this observation to the unique kinematics and dynamics of megathrust earthquakes. To relate the backprojection images, I used synthetic seismograms from theoretical and kinematic sources to explain that the backprojection images are proportional to the slip history, albeit a spatial smoothing operator that I derived. To further illustrate the observations of depth-frequency relation during megathrust earthquakes, I build a suite of 2D dynamic rupture models of megathrust earthquakes in realistic Earth structures. I find that systematic variations in the slip rate functions along-dip of the fault exhibit a systematic variation of frequency content.Given the variety in model settings, I attribute the ubiquitous depth-frequency radiation observation to the interaction of the earthquake with the Earth's free surface, which is my preferred first-order explanation. Diving more into the observations of earthquake source time functions, we also find that heterogeneous representation of fault properties is necessary to explain the complexity in the source time function, and earthquake rupture is a dynamical process that is self-organized. These systematic studies on the seismic signature of earthquakes have shown the power of combining observations and simulations to decipher source physics from observations.Many observations rely on the quality of these signals at a broad range of frequencies, which leads me to my last chapter. I develop a machine-learning multi-task model to separate the earthquake signals from the ambient seismic vibrations in complex seismic data. I have tested this method on an island station in Hawaii contaminated by tectonic, volcanic earthquake signals, and a strong microseismic source around the island. I show the promises of such an approach to improve earthquake and ambient noise seismology.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798209894827Subjects--Topical Terms:

535228
Geophysics.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Earthquake rupturesIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Zooming into Earthquake Ruptures : = From Kinematics to Dynamics.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-09, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Denolle, Marine; Shaw, John.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Earthquakes, especially the large ones, cause huge hazards and threaten people living nearby. It is important to improve our understanding of the earthquake source process. I do so by combining seismic data, observations, and simulation of dynamic ruptures. I first made the striking observation that the megathrust earthquakes present a ubiquitous pattern of coseismic rupture with updip low-frequency radiation and downdip high-frequency radiation, based on the backprojection and spectral analysis of teleseismic P waves. I tied this observation to the unique kinematics and dynamics of megathrust earthquakes. To relate the backprojection images, I used synthetic seismograms from theoretical and kinematic sources to explain that the backprojection images are proportional to the slip history, albeit a spatial smoothing operator that I derived. To further illustrate the observations of depth-frequency relation during megathrust earthquakes, I build a suite of 2D dynamic rupture models of megathrust earthquakes in realistic Earth structures. I find that systematic variations in the slip rate functions along-dip of the fault exhibit a systematic variation of frequency content.Given the variety in model settings, I attribute the ubiquitous depth-frequency radiation observation to the interaction of the earthquake with the Earth's free surface, which is my preferred first-order explanation. Diving more into the observations of earthquake source time functions, we also find that heterogeneous representation of fault properties is necessary to explain the complexity in the source time function, and earthquake rupture is a dynamical process that is self-organized. These systematic studies on the seismic signature of earthquakes have shown the power of combining observations and simulations to decipher source physics from observations.Many observations rely on the quality of these signals at a broad range of frequencies, which leads me to my last chapter. I develop a machine-learning multi-task model to separate the earthquake signals from the ambient seismic vibrations in complex seismic data. I have tested this method on an island station in Hawaii contaminated by tectonic, volcanic earthquake signals, and a strong microseismic source around the island. I show the promises of such an approach to improve earthquake and ambient noise seismology.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Geophysics. $3 535228
653 $a Earthquake ruptures
653 $a Megathrust earthquakes
653 $a Teleseismic p waves
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
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710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a Harvard University. $b Earth and Planetary Sciences. $3 3168947
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 83-09B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28964400 $z click for full text (PQDT)