東華大學圖書館 |

Latitudinal Gradients in Diversity and Interactions Creates High Niche Opportunities Under Anthropogenic-Driven Range Expansions.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Latitudinal Gradients in Diversity and Interactions Creates High Niche Opportunities Under Anthropogenic-Driven Range Expansions./
作者:	Jones, Dylan Gage.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (262 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12B.
標題:	Biology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30318983click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379730901

Latitudinal Gradients in Diversity and Interactions Creates High Niche Opportunities Under Anthropogenic-Driven Range Expansions.
Jones, Dylan Gage.

Latitudinal Gradients in Diversity and Interactions Creates High Niche Opportunities Under Anthropogenic-Driven Range Expansions. - 1 online resource (262 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Anthropogenic change is causing species to shift their ranges poleward. As species move to higher latitudes, they likely move into less diverse communities and may leave interacting species behind. Latitudinal gradients in species diversity and interactions, along with the loss of coevolved or coadapted interactions with competitors or enemies, may lead to range-expanding species experiencing "high niche opportunities" (increased resources or reduced predation) and "ecological release" (increased performance). In my dissertation, I use a tractable multitrophic community of oak gall wasps and their natural enemy communities on a widespread dominant oak, Quercus garryana, in western North America (from California to British Columbia). One species, Neuroterus saltatorius (Nsal), experienced a poleward range expansion and is outbreaking in its expanded range, threatening these oak ecosystems. In my thesis, I examine patterns in insect host-enemy communities along a latitudinal gradient, including the native and expanded range of Nsal, to uncover how patterns in diversity and interactions and altered associations facilitate high niche opportunities. In my first chapter, I measured gall wasp species diversity on Q. garryana across latitude and found that gall wasp richness decreased towards the poles. Nsal co-occurred on trees mostly with gall wasps within its guild (detachable leaf gall galls), largely absent in the expanded range. These results suggest that Nsal may experience high niche opportunities from putative competitors. In my second chapter, I use molecular methods (sequencing the universal "barcoding" gene, COI) to provide better resolution to host-enemy interactions with Nsal in its native and expanded range. Delineating putative species via DNA barcoding did not increase the richness of enemies when compared to traditional morphological identifications. However, it did provide resolution of associations with gall hosts. Overall, molecular networks had more interactions than morphological networks, but they were more generalized, with hosts interacting with more enemy species. Interestingly, interactions with Nsal were more specialized, with molecular methods finding cryptic variation of parasitoids interacting with Nsal. Networks were more generalized in the expanded range, and Nsal did not lose interactions with specialists, but altered interactions with generalist parasitoids may provide high niche opportunities. In my third chapter, I examined if diversity in traits of each trophic level and interactions varied across latitudes, and if low trait diversity and high trait divergence with Nsal create high niche opportunities. I found that trait diversity for both gall wasp and parasitoids decreased towards the poles. Distance to Nsal in gall trait space increased towards the pole but not in interaction trait space (or of traits of interacting parasitoids). These results suggest that Nsal experiences high niche opportunities from competitor diversity and traits but that redundancy in traits of interacting parasitoids (generalists) may lead to partial biotic resistance. Overall, my dissertation highlights that patterns in diversity and interactions across latitudes can create high niche opportunities and facilitate ecological release of range-expanding species. Uncovering mechanisms by which biotic interactions are altered under anthropogenic range expansions is important, given the extent to species expanding their ranges.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379730901Subjects--Topical Terms:

522710
Biology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Latitudinal gradientsIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Latitudinal Gradients in Diversity and Interactions Creates High Niche Opportunities Under Anthropogenic-Driven Range Expansions.
LDR:04903nmm a2200385K 4500 001 2359394
005 20230917193935.5
006 m o d
007 cr mn ---uuuuu
008 241011s2023 xx obm 000 0 eng d
020 $a 9798379730901
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI30318983
035 $a AAI30318983
040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ $d NTU
100 1 $a Jones, Dylan Gage. $3 3699993
245 1 0 $a Latitudinal Gradients in Diversity and Interactions Creates High Niche Opportunities Under Anthropogenic-Driven Range Expansions.
264 0 $c 2023
300 $a 1 online resource (262 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Prior, Kirsten.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, 2023.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Anthropogenic change is causing species to shift their ranges poleward. As species move to higher latitudes, they likely move into less diverse communities and may leave interacting species behind. Latitudinal gradients in species diversity and interactions, along with the loss of coevolved or coadapted interactions with competitors or enemies, may lead to range-expanding species experiencing "high niche opportunities" (increased resources or reduced predation) and "ecological release" (increased performance). In my dissertation, I use a tractable multitrophic community of oak gall wasps and their natural enemy communities on a widespread dominant oak, Quercus garryana, in western North America (from California to British Columbia). One species, Neuroterus saltatorius (Nsal), experienced a poleward range expansion and is outbreaking in its expanded range, threatening these oak ecosystems. In my thesis, I examine patterns in insect host-enemy communities along a latitudinal gradient, including the native and expanded range of Nsal, to uncover how patterns in diversity and interactions and altered associations facilitate high niche opportunities. In my first chapter, I measured gall wasp species diversity on Q. garryana across latitude and found that gall wasp richness decreased towards the poles. Nsal co-occurred on trees mostly with gall wasps within its guild (detachable leaf gall galls), largely absent in the expanded range. These results suggest that Nsal may experience high niche opportunities from putative competitors. In my second chapter, I use molecular methods (sequencing the universal "barcoding" gene, COI) to provide better resolution to host-enemy interactions with Nsal in its native and expanded range. Delineating putative species via DNA barcoding did not increase the richness of enemies when compared to traditional morphological identifications. However, it did provide resolution of associations with gall hosts. Overall, molecular networks had more interactions than morphological networks, but they were more generalized, with hosts interacting with more enemy species. Interestingly, interactions with Nsal were more specialized, with molecular methods finding cryptic variation of parasitoids interacting with Nsal. Networks were more generalized in the expanded range, and Nsal did not lose interactions with specialists, but altered interactions with generalist parasitoids may provide high niche opportunities. In my third chapter, I examined if diversity in traits of each trophic level and interactions varied across latitudes, and if low trait diversity and high trait divergence with Nsal create high niche opportunities. I found that trait diversity for both gall wasp and parasitoids decreased towards the poles. Distance to Nsal in gall trait space increased towards the pole but not in interaction trait space (or of traits of interacting parasitoids). These results suggest that Nsal experiences high niche opportunities from competitor diversity and traits but that redundancy in traits of interacting parasitoids (generalists) may lead to partial biotic resistance. Overall, my dissertation highlights that patterns in diversity and interactions across latitudes can create high niche opportunities and facilitate ecological release of range-expanding species. Uncovering mechanisms by which biotic interactions are altered under anthropogenic range expansions is important, given the extent to species expanding their ranges.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Biology. $3 522710
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
650 4 $a Conservation biology. $3 535736
653 $a Latitudinal gradients
653 $a Diversity
653 $a High niche opportunities
653 $a Species
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
690 $a 0306
690 $a 0408
690 $a 0329
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a State University of New York at Binghamton. $b Biological Sciences. $3 3168391
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 84-12B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30318983 $z click for full text (PQDT)