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Biology of Interaction Between Limno-Terrestrial Heterotardigrades and Their Cryptogam Habitats.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Biology of Interaction Between Limno-Terrestrial Heterotardigrades and Their Cryptogam Habitats./
作者:	Momeni, Sogol.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (183 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12B.
標題:	Biology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30314584click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379715366

Biology of Interaction Between Limno-Terrestrial Heterotardigrades and Their Cryptogam Habitats.
Momeni, Sogol.

Biology of Interaction Between Limno-Terrestrial Heterotardigrades and Their Cryptogam Habitats. - 1 online resource (183 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Alabama, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Tardigrades are microscopic animals living in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats all over the planet containing around 1400 described species in two main classes Eutardigrada, and Heterotardigrada. They can survive a range of environmental extremes by going into various forms of dormancy. Anhydrobiosis is the most studied dormancy type, especially among limno-terrestrial tardigrades living in a thin layer of water associated with cryptogams. However, the mechanism underlying the anhydrobiosis phenomenon is poorly understood. Additionally, dormancy mechanisms seem to vary between Eutardigrada and Heterotardigrada due to the convergent evolution in the phylum Tardigrada. Different species in both classes synthesize bioprotectants and/or carbohydrates under dehydration. Recent studies show the importance of protein bioprotectants helping tardigrades to survive during anhydrobiosis. Most data are available for a few species of Eutardigrades, and Heterotardigrades remain understudied. Here, we investigate different aspects of limno-terrestrial Heterotardigrades ecology and physiology. Mainly we aim to explore the role of the cryptogamic hosts in Heterotardigrade survival and how the former may affect protein regulation during anhydrobiosis.We present the first workable culturing protocol for limno-terrestrial Heterotardigrades which is the basis for the subsequent projects in this dissertation. All previous culturing protocols are for a few species of Eutardigrades in wet cultures. Heterotardigrades prefer/require drier habitats; therefore, we generated a protocol involving dehydrating cycles. We also show the importance of the Heterotardigrade moss substrates in the cultures, especially during desiccation.We then investigate the tardigrade genus Viridiscus diversity and distribution around Alabama and Tennessee. Viridiscus is a genus within the class Heterotardigrada. We identified or described all four species and two subspecies we found in and around Alabama and Tennessee using morphological and molecular techniques. Our results show a new Viridiscus species from Tennessee, and two new subspecies of Viridiscus viridianus from Alabama. In the last project, we use cultures of Heterotardigrades especially Viridiscus viridianus, to further investigate the nature of the interaction between limno-terrestrial Heterotardigrades and their host substrates during anhydrobiosis. Certain secondary metabolites found in mosses and lichens tardigrades' natural habitats were tested on cultured tardigrades. Results show that these chemicals induce reversible dormancy in Heterotardigrades. We hypothesize and discuss the role of these compounds in Heterotardigrades survival strategies by possibly post-transitionally modifying certain regulatory proteins.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379715366Subjects--Topical Terms:

522710
Biology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

HeterotardigradesIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Biology of Interaction Between Limno-Terrestrial Heterotardigrades and Their Cryptogam Habitats.
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520 $a Tardigrades are microscopic animals living in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats all over the planet containing around 1400 described species in two main classes Eutardigrada, and Heterotardigrada. They can survive a range of environmental extremes by going into various forms of dormancy. Anhydrobiosis is the most studied dormancy type, especially among limno-terrestrial tardigrades living in a thin layer of water associated with cryptogams. However, the mechanism underlying the anhydrobiosis phenomenon is poorly understood. Additionally, dormancy mechanisms seem to vary between Eutardigrada and Heterotardigrada due to the convergent evolution in the phylum Tardigrada. Different species in both classes synthesize bioprotectants and/or carbohydrates under dehydration. Recent studies show the importance of protein bioprotectants helping tardigrades to survive during anhydrobiosis. Most data are available for a few species of Eutardigrades, and Heterotardigrades remain understudied. Here, we investigate different aspects of limno-terrestrial Heterotardigrades ecology and physiology. Mainly we aim to explore the role of the cryptogamic hosts in Heterotardigrade survival and how the former may affect protein regulation during anhydrobiosis.We present the first workable culturing protocol for limno-terrestrial Heterotardigrades which is the basis for the subsequent projects in this dissertation. All previous culturing protocols are for a few species of Eutardigrades in wet cultures. Heterotardigrades prefer/require drier habitats; therefore, we generated a protocol involving dehydrating cycles. We also show the importance of the Heterotardigrade moss substrates in the cultures, especially during desiccation.We then investigate the tardigrade genus Viridiscus diversity and distribution around Alabama and Tennessee. Viridiscus is a genus within the class Heterotardigrada. We identified or described all four species and two subspecies we found in and around Alabama and Tennessee using morphological and molecular techniques. Our results show a new Viridiscus species from Tennessee, and two new subspecies of Viridiscus viridianus from Alabama. In the last project, we use cultures of Heterotardigrades especially Viridiscus viridianus, to further investigate the nature of the interaction between limno-terrestrial Heterotardigrades and their host substrates during anhydrobiosis. Certain secondary metabolites found in mosses and lichens tardigrades' natural habitats were tested on cultured tardigrades. Results show that these chemicals induce reversible dormancy in Heterotardigrades. We hypothesize and discuss the role of these compounds in Heterotardigrades survival strategies by possibly post-transitionally modifying certain regulatory proteins.
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