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The Dynamics of Cellulose-Water Interactions from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale to Unravel Its Effects on Fiber and Paper Properties.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Dynamics of Cellulose-Water Interactions from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale to Unravel Its Effects on Fiber and Paper Properties./
作者:	Salem, Khandoker Samaher.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (176 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-11B.
標題:	Surfactants. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29071209click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798426867109

The Dynamics of Cellulose-Water Interactions from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale to Unravel Its Effects on Fiber and Paper Properties.
Salem, Khandoker Samaher.

The Dynamics of Cellulose-Water Interactions from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale to Unravel Its Effects on Fiber and Paper Properties. - 1 online resource (176 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2021.

Includes bibliographical references

The increased disposal of non-biodegradable and non-renewable disposable materials (i.e., plastics, glass, and metals) in daily life has had a significantly negative impact on the environment. Therefore, human society of today needs to change its way of living towards a more sustainable path to avoid the climate crisis. One possible pathway is the increased usage of renewable and naturally degradable materials, and therefore attention has been focused on highly abundant cellulose and its nanocellulosic polymorphs. However, the physical and mechanical properties of cellulose are significantly affected by the cellulose-water interaction that regulate the final properties of many consumer goods such as tissue and hygiene, packaging papers and films, composites and coatings, and molded products, amongst others. Despite the past research in extensively investigating cellulose-water interactions, there are still many unsettled questions, and if the answer to those were known, cellulose-based materials could be more efficiently utilized in many consumer products.In the light of current needs, the objective of this research was to understand the cellulosewater interaction at the different size scales of cellulose and sustainable pathways to modify cellulose and cellulose nanofibrils for packaging and hygiene products like tissue and paper towels.Chapter 1 is the introduction section which discusses the fundamental and technological importance of the interaction of water with cellulose for many industrial applications of cellulosebased materials. The cellulose-water interaction spans from molecular scale hydrogen bonding to the macromolecular scale of hydration of cellulose microfibrils and the interfibrillar hydration of the surrounding matrix components.Chapter 2 represents the synthesis of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with varying fibrillation using different mechanical energy and chemical modifications of the different CNFs. Here, the mild chemical reaction is proposed as a probe to explore the effective synthesis route of CNFs with optimum functionality and chemical reactivity. As a result, it was found that the extensive energy supply to CNFs to induce more fibrillation reduces the efficiency of the CNFs surface chemistry after achieving a maximum value. This was attributed to the presence of higher bound water molecules at fibrillated surfaces, which hindered accessibility to cellulose chains. Enhanced self-aggregation of surface hydroxyl groups of CNFs, in conjunction with the hydration sphere, also regulates the chemical reactivity of the nanofibrils.Chapter 3 reveals the production and characterization of chemo-mechanically synthesized CNFs films for packaging applications. The CNFs with an optimum reactivity through chemomechanical treatments were produced. The mild acetylation increased the hydrophobicity of the CNF films, which was confirmed by measuring the water contact angle. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) was also reduced with the higher fibrillation and acylation. The tensile strength of the CNF films increased with fibrillation and decreased with acetylation, whereas the elongation increased with both the fibrillation and acetylation. In sum, this research develops new pathways to enhance the chemical reactivity of CNFs by manipulating the extent of fibrillation and, consequently, the barrier properties of the CNF films, providing sustainable packaging materials for industrial use.Chapter 4 describes the interaction of water with macroscopic cellulose fibers and its effect on the drying and collapsing of fibers, which controls various critical properties such as bulk, softness, and tensile strength of final tissue and paper sheets. The fiber begins to collapse as the hard-to-remove (HR) water starts to leave the pore of the fiber cell wall pulling the cell wall together due to the capillary forces with the high surface tension of water.To further understand this phenomenon, lignocellulosic fibers from wood and non-wood species were prepared using different pulping techniques. The removal process of HR water from fibers and their effect on the fibers collapsing and tissue and paper properties were reported in chapter 5. It has been observed that fiber morphological and compositional properties regulate the HR water content, which ultimately affects the drying and fiber collapsing and thus controls the final physical properties of the paper products.Chapter 6 details how chemical treatments can enhance the HR water removal process, resulting in higher bulk and softness without significantly affecting the tensile strength. This work develops the chemical pathways to break the softness-tensile strength curve, a grand challenge for the tissue industry. A strong relationship of surface tension of water and fiber collapsing was observed. The mechanism of chemistry is represented schematically, and it has been shown that fiber collapsing can be reduced by reducing the surface tension with specific chemical treatments without decreasing the tensile strength of the fiber.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798426867109Subjects--Topical Terms:

3560257
Surfactants.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

The Dynamics of Cellulose-Water Interactions from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale to Unravel Its Effects on Fiber and Paper Properties.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The increased disposal of non-biodegradable and non-renewable disposable materials (i.e., plastics, glass, and metals) in daily life has had a significantly negative impact on the environment. Therefore, human society of today needs to change its way of living towards a more sustainable path to avoid the climate crisis. One possible pathway is the increased usage of renewable and naturally degradable materials, and therefore attention has been focused on highly abundant cellulose and its nanocellulosic polymorphs. However, the physical and mechanical properties of cellulose are significantly affected by the cellulose-water interaction that regulate the final properties of many consumer goods such as tissue and hygiene, packaging papers and films, composites and coatings, and molded products, amongst others. Despite the past research in extensively investigating cellulose-water interactions, there are still many unsettled questions, and if the answer to those were known, cellulose-based materials could be more efficiently utilized in many consumer products.In the light of current needs, the objective of this research was to understand the cellulosewater interaction at the different size scales of cellulose and sustainable pathways to modify cellulose and cellulose nanofibrils for packaging and hygiene products like tissue and paper towels.Chapter 1 is the introduction section which discusses the fundamental and technological importance of the interaction of water with cellulose for many industrial applications of cellulosebased materials. The cellulose-water interaction spans from molecular scale hydrogen bonding to the macromolecular scale of hydration of cellulose microfibrils and the interfibrillar hydration of the surrounding matrix components.Chapter 2 represents the synthesis of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with varying fibrillation using different mechanical energy and chemical modifications of the different CNFs. Here, the mild chemical reaction is proposed as a probe to explore the effective synthesis route of CNFs with optimum functionality and chemical reactivity. As a result, it was found that the extensive energy supply to CNFs to induce more fibrillation reduces the efficiency of the CNFs surface chemistry after achieving a maximum value. This was attributed to the presence of higher bound water molecules at fibrillated surfaces, which hindered accessibility to cellulose chains. Enhanced self-aggregation of surface hydroxyl groups of CNFs, in conjunction with the hydration sphere, also regulates the chemical reactivity of the nanofibrils.Chapter 3 reveals the production and characterization of chemo-mechanically synthesized CNFs films for packaging applications. The CNFs with an optimum reactivity through chemomechanical treatments were produced. The mild acetylation increased the hydrophobicity of the CNF films, which was confirmed by measuring the water contact angle. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) was also reduced with the higher fibrillation and acylation. The tensile strength of the CNF films increased with fibrillation and decreased with acetylation, whereas the elongation increased with both the fibrillation and acetylation. In sum, this research develops new pathways to enhance the chemical reactivity of CNFs by manipulating the extent of fibrillation and, consequently, the barrier properties of the CNF films, providing sustainable packaging materials for industrial use.Chapter 4 describes the interaction of water with macroscopic cellulose fibers and its effect on the drying and collapsing of fibers, which controls various critical properties such as bulk, softness, and tensile strength of final tissue and paper sheets. The fiber begins to collapse as the hard-to-remove (HR) water starts to leave the pore of the fiber cell wall pulling the cell wall together due to the capillary forces with the high surface tension of water.To further understand this phenomenon, lignocellulosic fibers from wood and non-wood species were prepared using different pulping techniques. The removal process of HR water from fibers and their effect on the fibers collapsing and tissue and paper properties were reported in chapter 5. It has been observed that fiber morphological and compositional properties regulate the HR water content, which ultimately affects the drying and fiber collapsing and thus controls the final physical properties of the paper products.Chapter 6 details how chemical treatments can enhance the HR water removal process, resulting in higher bulk and softness without significantly affecting the tensile strength. This work develops the chemical pathways to break the softness-tensile strength curve, a grand challenge for the tissue industry. A strong relationship of surface tension of water and fiber collapsing was observed. The mechanism of chemistry is represented schematically, and it has been shown that fiber collapsing can be reduced by reducing the surface tension with specific chemical treatments without decreasing the tensile strength of the fiber.
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