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Novel Materials for High-Performance Water Electrolyzer and Ultrafast Battery Applications.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Novel Materials for High-Performance Water Electrolyzer and Ultrafast Battery Applications./
Author:	Gong, Ming.
Description:	1 online resource (163 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-04B.
Subject:	Physical chemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28118665click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798662550872

Novel Materials for High-Performance Water Electrolyzer and Ultrafast Battery Applications.
Gong, Ming.

Novel Materials for High-Performance Water Electrolyzer and Ultrafast Battery Applications. - 1 online resource (163 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2016.

Includes bibliographical references

The gradually increasing demand for energy and diminishing fossil fuel resources that our world is currently relying on as well as the environment issues associated with fossil fuel combustion has posted the need for clean and sustainable energy. In recent years, renewable energy has come into the research and the industry communities to change the current energy structure into a cleaner manner. However, most of the renewable energy resources suffer from intermittency that cannot meet the need of continuous energy delivery. In consequence, the renewable energy needs to be stored when surplus and released when needed. Electrochemical energy storage (e.g. batteries) and electrochemical energy conversion (e.g. water splitting/fuel cell) are two prospective solutions of storing renewable energy that have their own advantages and disadvantages, but both of them are far from the ideal picture of storing renewable energy. Therefore, continuous efforts on improving the efficiency and capacity of energy storage and conversion devices are highly desired. In my PhD study with Prof. Dai, we aim to develop novel materials for both water splitting (energy conversion) and ultrafast battery applications (energy storage). The approach is to incorporate active materials with highly conductive nano-carbon materials (e.g. carbon nanotube) that our group specializes in to facilitate the electron transport. However, during the studies, these nano-carbon materials have been discovered to not only boost the performance of the existing materials but also help the formation and discovery of new active materials for various applications. Interestingly, these carbon-based materials themselves can also be utilized as the active materials in novel applications, such as rechargeable aluminum ion batteries. The discovery of these novel structures holds great promise of efficiently storing renewable energy with low cost. We first incorporated iron-doped nickel hydroxide with mildly oxidized carbon nanotubes by direct growth. This led to the discovery of a highly active NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) phase for water oxidation in alkaline condition. The LDH phase is the main contributor of the superior activity (better than the Ir-based benchmark). Intimate coupling with CNT for facilitated electron transport and nanoplate morphology for increased surface area optimize the activity towards water oxidation. The same strategy was applied to a hybrid material consisting of NiAlCo LDH interconnected with few-walled carbon nanotubes. The Al and Co co-doping was found to greatly stabilize the α-Ni hydroxide phase in the LDH form, affording significantly improved durability. The chemical coupling with highly conductive CNT along with the ultrathin nanoplate morphology could lead to a nickel-zinc battery delivering an energy density of 274 Wh/kg and a power density of 16.6 kW/kg with ultrafast charge/discharge times down to 41 seconds. To achieve low-cost alkaline electrolyzers with high performance, we further utilized oxidized carbon nanotube precursors for the discovery of nanoscale NiO/Ni hetero-structure for hydrogen evolution catalysis. The oxidized carbon nanotubes played an important role of impeding Ni reduction and aggregation for the formation of the desired structure. The high activity towards hydrogen evolution was attributed to the nanoscale NiO/Ni interface that can both stabilize H atom intermediate and efficiently remove the generated OH-. An efficient electrolyzer using NiO/Ni-CNT and NiFe LDH to achieve ~20 mA/cm2 at a voltage of 1.5 V was demonstrated.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798662550872Subjects--Topical Terms:

1981412
Physical chemistry.
Subjects--Index Terms:

energy conversionIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Novel Materials for High-Performance Water Electrolyzer and Ultrafast Battery Applications.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2016.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The gradually increasing demand for energy and diminishing fossil fuel resources that our world is currently relying on as well as the environment issues associated with fossil fuel combustion has posted the need for clean and sustainable energy. In recent years, renewable energy has come into the research and the industry communities to change the current energy structure into a cleaner manner. However, most of the renewable energy resources suffer from intermittency that cannot meet the need of continuous energy delivery. In consequence, the renewable energy needs to be stored when surplus and released when needed. Electrochemical energy storage (e.g. batteries) and electrochemical energy conversion (e.g. water splitting/fuel cell) are two prospective solutions of storing renewable energy that have their own advantages and disadvantages, but both of them are far from the ideal picture of storing renewable energy. Therefore, continuous efforts on improving the efficiency and capacity of energy storage and conversion devices are highly desired. In my PhD study with Prof. Dai, we aim to develop novel materials for both water splitting (energy conversion) and ultrafast battery applications (energy storage). The approach is to incorporate active materials with highly conductive nano-carbon materials (e.g. carbon nanotube) that our group specializes in to facilitate the electron transport. However, during the studies, these nano-carbon materials have been discovered to not only boost the performance of the existing materials but also help the formation and discovery of new active materials for various applications. Interestingly, these carbon-based materials themselves can also be utilized as the active materials in novel applications, such as rechargeable aluminum ion batteries. The discovery of these novel structures holds great promise of efficiently storing renewable energy with low cost. We first incorporated iron-doped nickel hydroxide with mildly oxidized carbon nanotubes by direct growth. This led to the discovery of a highly active NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) phase for water oxidation in alkaline condition. The LDH phase is the main contributor of the superior activity (better than the Ir-based benchmark). Intimate coupling with CNT for facilitated electron transport and nanoplate morphology for increased surface area optimize the activity towards water oxidation. The same strategy was applied to a hybrid material consisting of NiAlCo LDH interconnected with few-walled carbon nanotubes. The Al and Co co-doping was found to greatly stabilize the α-Ni hydroxide phase in the LDH form, affording significantly improved durability. The chemical coupling with highly conductive CNT along with the ultrathin nanoplate morphology could lead to a nickel-zinc battery delivering an energy density of 274 Wh/kg and a power density of 16.6 kW/kg with ultrafast charge/discharge times down to 41 seconds. To achieve low-cost alkaline electrolyzers with high performance, we further utilized oxidized carbon nanotube precursors for the discovery of nanoscale NiO/Ni hetero-structure for hydrogen evolution catalysis. The oxidized carbon nanotubes played an important role of impeding Ni reduction and aggregation for the formation of the desired structure. The high activity towards hydrogen evolution was attributed to the nanoscale NiO/Ni interface that can both stabilize H atom intermediate and efficiently remove the generated OH-. An efficient electrolyzer using NiO/Ni-CNT and NiFe LDH to achieve ~20 mA/cm2 at a voltage of 1.5 V was demonstrated.
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