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An Evaluation of Coaching and Training Practices in Mixed Martial Arts : = A Mixed Methods Approach.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	An Evaluation of Coaching and Training Practices in Mixed Martial Arts :/
其他題名:	A Mixed Methods Approach.
作者:	Kirk, Christopher.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (254 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-04B.
標題:	Load. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29303128click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798351484143

An Evaluation of Coaching and Training Practices in Mixed Martial Arts : = A Mixed Methods Approach.
Kirk, Christopher.

An Evaluation of Coaching and Training Practices in Mixed Martial Arts :A Mixed Methods Approach. - 1 online resource (254 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Liverpool John Moores University (United Kingdom), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a body mass (BM) regulated combat sport, permitting the use of striking and grappling actions in standing and grounded positions, in order to achieve victory over a single opponent. Contests are conducted over 3 x 3 min or 3 - 5 x 5 min rounds following rules codified in 2002 in the United States of America (USA) and now broadly accepted globally. Despite the recent development of the sport, MMA is an established event with 4,000+ ranked professional male and female athletes worldwide and 100+ amateur national governing bodies registered with the International MMA Federation (IMMAF). Despite this rapid growth, there is a scarcity of data regarding the training methods, practices and effects of training for MMA competition. This includes an absence of studies examining the backgrounds, beliefs and practices of professional MMA coaches; the durations, internal loads, external loads and fatigue effects of MMA technical/tactical training; and the effects of MMA training on athlete physiology. As such, existing suggestions for MMA athlete preparations are mostly unevidenced, with the requirements of the sport itself not currently being characterised within the literature. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the current coaching and training practices that are used to prepare MMA athletes for competition. This was completed using a pragmatist mixed methodology to provide recommendations for future models of athlete support and development, as well as stimulating future research.Study 1 aimed to explore the coaching and training practices of professional MMA coaches who actively prepare participants for competition. To achieve this, 9.5 hours of semi-structured interviews with four full time MMA coaches were conducted to provide a dialectic understanding of the MMA context. This understanding informed the quantitative training load data reported further in this thesis. Following reflexive thematic analyses, four higher order themes were identified: 1) Evolving coaching in an unknown world: MMA coaches have developed their practice via experiential and peer learning in the absence of formal MMA coach education or support. Such peer learning appears to reduce when coaches become club owners with established capital; 2) Constrained early explorers: MMA coaches have a dual aim of producing competitive athletes whilst providing sessions that will appeal to the majority of their club members who are recreational participants. This simultaneously enables and restricts provision for their athletes; 3) Training camp dictated by external factors: The length of time provided for competition preparation is dictated largely by independent private event promoters, meaning competition preparation may often be sub-optimal; 4) Monitoring of load and improvements is subjective and led by folk pedagogies: MMA coaches rely on 'coach's eye' and personal relationships with their athletes to determine changes in fatigue and skill in a reactive manner. This again means competition preparation may be suboptimal. The unique and rapid growth in the popularity of MMA has resulted in coaching structures and practices that may not be supporting optimal athlete development or preparation.On the basis of qualitative findings from Study 1, the aim of Study 2 was to quantify the internal training loads of MMA training practices that are used to prepare participants for competition. A mixed sex cohort of fourteen international amateur and professional MMA participants were observed completing their regular training for eight consecutive weeks without intervention. The training durations, loads and fatigue related effects of their normal practices were recorded. Seven athletes were training for competitive bouts whilst the remaining seven were not. Training duration, internal load (sessional and segmented RPE), strain, weekly monotony, fatigue, reaction time, sleep quality and soreness did not change within or between weeks. Between weeks monotony supported little variance in weekly training load. There were no differences in any variable between participants who competed and those who did not with the exception of the final week before the bout, where an abrupt step taper in training duration and load occurred, leading to no between group differences in fatigue markers. These data report the internal load intensity estimates of MMA training categories for the first time. Training intensity distribution corresponding to high, moderate and low was 20, 33 and 47%, respectively. Only striking sparring and wrestling sparring displayed statistical weekly differences in duration or load. It was concluded that periodisation of training load is largely absent in MMA training, as is the case within and between weekly microcycles.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798351484143Subjects--Topical Terms:

3562902
Load.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

An Evaluation of Coaching and Training Practices in Mixed Martial Arts : = A Mixed Methods Approach.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a body mass (BM) regulated combat sport, permitting the use of striking and grappling actions in standing and grounded positions, in order to achieve victory over a single opponent. Contests are conducted over 3 x 3 min or 3 - 5 x 5 min rounds following rules codified in 2002 in the United States of America (USA) and now broadly accepted globally. Despite the recent development of the sport, MMA is an established event with 4,000+ ranked professional male and female athletes worldwide and 100+ amateur national governing bodies registered with the International MMA Federation (IMMAF). Despite this rapid growth, there is a scarcity of data regarding the training methods, practices and effects of training for MMA competition. This includes an absence of studies examining the backgrounds, beliefs and practices of professional MMA coaches; the durations, internal loads, external loads and fatigue effects of MMA technical/tactical training; and the effects of MMA training on athlete physiology. As such, existing suggestions for MMA athlete preparations are mostly unevidenced, with the requirements of the sport itself not currently being characterised within the literature. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the current coaching and training practices that are used to prepare MMA athletes for competition. This was completed using a pragmatist mixed methodology to provide recommendations for future models of athlete support and development, as well as stimulating future research.Study 1 aimed to explore the coaching and training practices of professional MMA coaches who actively prepare participants for competition. To achieve this, 9.5 hours of semi-structured interviews with four full time MMA coaches were conducted to provide a dialectic understanding of the MMA context. This understanding informed the quantitative training load data reported further in this thesis. Following reflexive thematic analyses, four higher order themes were identified: 1) Evolving coaching in an unknown world: MMA coaches have developed their practice via experiential and peer learning in the absence of formal MMA coach education or support. Such peer learning appears to reduce when coaches become club owners with established capital; 2) Constrained early explorers: MMA coaches have a dual aim of producing competitive athletes whilst providing sessions that will appeal to the majority of their club members who are recreational participants. This simultaneously enables and restricts provision for their athletes; 3) Training camp dictated by external factors: The length of time provided for competition preparation is dictated largely by independent private event promoters, meaning competition preparation may often be sub-optimal; 4) Monitoring of load and improvements is subjective and led by folk pedagogies: MMA coaches rely on 'coach's eye' and personal relationships with their athletes to determine changes in fatigue and skill in a reactive manner. This again means competition preparation may be suboptimal. The unique and rapid growth in the popularity of MMA has resulted in coaching structures and practices that may not be supporting optimal athlete development or preparation.On the basis of qualitative findings from Study 1, the aim of Study 2 was to quantify the internal training loads of MMA training practices that are used to prepare participants for competition. A mixed sex cohort of fourteen international amateur and professional MMA participants were observed completing their regular training for eight consecutive weeks without intervention. The training durations, loads and fatigue related effects of their normal practices were recorded. Seven athletes were training for competitive bouts whilst the remaining seven were not. Training duration, internal load (sessional and segmented RPE), strain, weekly monotony, fatigue, reaction time, sleep quality and soreness did not change within or between weeks. Between weeks monotony supported little variance in weekly training load. There were no differences in any variable between participants who competed and those who did not with the exception of the final week before the bout, where an abrupt step taper in training duration and load occurred, leading to no between group differences in fatigue markers. These data report the internal load intensity estimates of MMA training categories for the first time. Training intensity distribution corresponding to high, moderate and low was 20, 33 and 47%, respectively. Only striking sparring and wrestling sparring displayed statistical weekly differences in duration or load. It was concluded that periodisation of training load is largely absent in MMA training, as is the case within and between weekly microcycles.
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